Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The structure of the organic compounds should be given.
Concept introduction:
Organic compounds are named systematically by using IUPAC rules.
Name of the organic compounds are given according to the number of carbon present in the molecule for example
A molecule having one carbon atom, the molecule name will start with meth etc.…
If any halogens are present in the molecule, the name of the halogens as follows.
Naming the substituted
- (1) Name the parent alkane (long alkyl chain)
- (2) Number the carbon
- (3) Name and number the substituent
If the molecules have the multiple substituents, the compound named as di, tri, tetra, Penta, oct.
If the molecules having
The given compound is an alcohol
Example is given below
The given compound is an acid (
The amides are derivatives of acids and it is named as the ending of alkane with amide.
For example
If the molecule is ester,
Esters end with “ate”
Example
The given compound is an
The given compound is an aldehyde (
The given compound is an aldehyde (
(a)
Answer to Problem 23.13QP
Answer
Structure of the given organic compounds is shown below (a).
Explanation of Solution
To find: The structure of the given organic molecule.
Name of the given organic compounds is 2,2,4-trimethyl pentane.
Parent chain is identified and numbering is given for the compound. According to the name, second carbon is bearing two methyl groups and fourth carbon is bearing one methyl two methyl group (totally three methyl groups in the structure) and the given name is pentane which clearly indicates that the compound having five carbon atoms in the molecule. According to the name, the structure of the molecule is given above.
(b)
Interpretation:
The structure of the organic compounds should be given.
Concept introduction:
Organic compounds are named systematically by using IUPAC rules.
Name of the organic compounds are given according to the number of carbon present in the molecule for example
A molecule having one carbon atom, the molecule name will start with meth etc.…
If any halogens are present in the molecule, the name of the halogens as follows.
Naming the substituted alkane:
- (4) Name the parent alkane (long alkyl chain)
- (5) Number the carbon
- (6) Name and number the substituent
If the molecules have the multiple substituents, the compound named as di, tri, tetra, Penta, oct.
If the molecules having functional group, the name of the compound is given below. Numbering should be starts from the functional group of the given molecule.
The given compound is an alcohol
Example is given below
The given compound is an acid (
The amides are derivatives of acids and it is named as the ending of alkane with amide.
For example
If the molecule is ester,
Esters end with “ate”
Example
The given compound is an aldehyde (
The given compound is an aldehyde (
The given compound is an aldehyde (
(b)
Answer to Problem 23.13QP
Structure of the given organic compounds is shown below (b).
Explanation of Solution
To find: The structure of the given organic molecule.
Name of the given organic compounds is 3-methyl-1-butanol
Parent chain is identified and numbering is given for the compound. According to the name, third carbon is bearing one methyl group and first carbon is bearing one hydroxyl group and the parent name of the molecule is butane which clearly indicates that the compound having four carbon atoms in the parent and one carbon is in the side chain in the molecule. According to the name, the structure of the molecule is given above.
(c)
Interpretation:
The structure of the organic compounds should be given.
Concept introduction:
Organic compounds are named systematically by using IUPAC rules.
Name of the organic compounds are given according to the number of carbon present in the molecule for example
A molecule having one carbon atom, the molecule name will start with meth etc.…
If any halogens are present in the molecule, the name of the halogens as follows.
Naming the substituted alkane:
- (7) Name the parent alkane (long alkyl chain)
- (8) Number the carbon
- (9) Name and number the substituent
If the molecules have the multiple substituents, the compound named as di, tri, tetra, Penta, oct.
If the molecules having functional group, the name of the compound is given below. Numbering should be starts from the functional group of the given molecule.
The given compound is an alcohol
Example is given below
The given compound is an acid (
The amides are derivatives of acids and it is named as the ending of alkane with amide.
For example
If the molecule is ester,
Esters end with “ate”
Example
The given compound is an aldehyde (
The given compound is an aldehyde (
The given compound is an aldehyde (
(c)
Answer to Problem 23.13QP
Structure of the given organic compounds is shown below (c).
Explanation of Solution
To find: The structure of the given organic molecule.
Name of the given organic compounds is hexanamide.
Parent chain is identified and numbering is given for the compound. According to the name, first carbon is bearing amide (
(d)
Interpretation:
The structure of the organic compounds should be given.
Concept introduction:
Organic compounds are named systematically by using IUPAC rules.
Name of the organic compounds are given according to the number of carbon present in the molecule for example
A molecule having one carbon atom, the molecule name will start with meth etc.…
If any halogens are present in the molecule, the name of the halogens as follows.
Naming the substituted alkane:
- (10) Name the parent alkane (long alkyl chain)
- (11) Number the carbon
- (12) Name and number the substituent
If the molecules have the multiple substituents, the compound named as di, tri, tetra, Penta, oct.
If the molecules having functional group, the name of the compound is given below. Numbering should be starts from the functional group of the given molecule.
The given compound is an alcohol
Example is given below
The given compound is an acid (
The amides are derivatives of acids and it is named as the ending of alkane with amide.
For example
If the molecule is ester,
Esters end with “ate”
Example
The given compound is an aldehyde (
The given compound is an aldehyde (
The given compound is an aldehyde (
(d)
Answer to Problem 23.13QP
Structure of the given organic compounds is shown below (d).
Explanation of Solution
To find: The structure of the given organic molecule.
Name of the given organic compound is 2, 2, 2-trichloroethanal.
Parent chain is identified and numbering is given for the compound. According to the name, first carbon is aldehyde group, second carbon is bearing three chlorine atom and the parent name of the molecule is ethane which clearly indicates that the compound having two carbon atoms in the parent. According to the name, the structure of the molecule is given above.
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Chapter 23 Solutions
CHEMISTRY:ATOMS FIRST (LL)>CUSTOM PKG.<
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- Identify which of the following statement(s) is/are true. (a) A functional group is a group of atoms in an organic molecule that undergoes a predictable set of chemical reactions. (b) The functional group of an alcohol, an aldehyde, and a ketone have in common the fact that each contains a single oxygen atom. (c) A primary alcohol has one -OH group, a secondary alcohol has two -OH groups, and a tertiary alcohol has three -OH groups. (d) There are two alcohols with the molecular formula C3H8O. (e) There are three amines with the molecular formula C3H9N.arrow_forwardButanone is a four carbon compound with the functional group:(a) carboxylic acid(b) aldehyde(c) ketone(d) alcoholarrow_forwardDraw structures for the following compounds. Show all of the hydrogen atoms in the molecules. (a) ethanol (b) 2-propanol (c) 2-ethyl-5-methylcyclohexanolarrow_forward
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