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Introduction: A group of organisms, which are related and share a distinctive form, is known as species. Members of the species living in a particular area at a particular time, which are capable of interbreeding, are known as a population. The population keeps changing to produce new species over time.
Answer to Problem 1TY
Correct answer: A change in one or more than one characteristic of a population, which can be transferred over several generations, is known as evolution. Hence, the correct answer is option d.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for the correct answer:
Evolution refers to the changes in one or more characteristics of a given population which can be inherited by the next generation.
Option d. is given as “evolution”
Changes in one or more characteristics of a population, which can be inherited over various generations through time, are known as evolution. Hence, the correct answer is option d.
Reasons for the incorrect answer:
Option a. is given as, “natural selection”.
Individuals having characteristics that are more suitable for a particular environment are able to survive and reproduce successfully. These individuals are naturally selected and thus, evolution is caused. Therefore, natural selection is one of the factors which cause evolution. Hence, option a. is incorrect.
Option b. is given as, “sexual selection”.
A form of natural selection is known as sexual selection. Sexual selection refers to a process through which individuals with particular traits engage in a successful mating event with individuals of the opposite sex over other individuals belonging to the same sex. Sexual selection is a factor affecting natural selection and evolution. Hence, option b. is incorrect.
Option c. is given as, “population genetics”.
The study of genetic differences present in a population by studying genes and genotypes is known as population genetics. The population genetics makes up a part of evolutionary biology. It is a study and is not responsible for causing changes in the characteristics of the given population. Hence, option c. is incorrect.
Option e. is given as, “inheritance of acquired traits”.
According to Lamarck’s theory, organisms change their behavior according to the changes in the environment. Therefore, the inheritance of acquired characteristics is based on Lamarck’s theory which was rejected as research depicted that most of the acquired traits could not be inherited. Hence, option e. is incorrect.
Hence, the options a., b., c., and e. are incorrect.
Thus, evolution refers to the changes in characteristics of the population which are inherited over time.
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Chapter 23 Solutions
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- Which of the following most accurately describes mutations? a. They typically have immediate and impactful evolutionary effects on populations. b. They are required for all populations to evolve. c. They are always deleterious. d. They occur so infrequently that most populations to harbor very little variation.arrow_forwardA set of alleles carried by (characteristics of) an organism that encodes for a specific trait. Select one: O a. Genetic diversity b. Karyotype c. Phenotype d. Genotype e. Natural selectionarrow_forwardWhich aspect(s) of natural selection is(are) illustrated by the figure below? Check ALL answers that apply. A. Variation among individuals must be genetically transmissible to the next generation. B. Variation must exist in a population. C. Variation among individuals leads to differences in lifetime reproductive success. D. More individuals are produced each generation than the environment can support, resulting in competition for survival.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements does NOT agree with the tenets of Darwin's theory of evolution by means of natural selection? O A. The phenotypes of individuals in a population will differ and, in some cases, these differences are the result of traits passed down from parent to offspring. B. Phenotypes become more common over time if individuals with those phenotypes have higher reproductive success. O C. The fitness of an individual with a particular phenotype is independent of the environmental conditions it experiences. O D. Resources limit the total number of individuals in a population.arrow_forwardWhat is meant by the following statement? "When mutation is random, natural selection is not." Mark all correct answers Group of answer choices A. A mutation is caused by changes in the environment. B. Natural selection can favor some mutations and not others. C.Mutations for advantageous traits are more likely to be passed on to the next generation. D.Selection can change depending on the environment.arrow_forwardConsider the trait in Figure 22.5a. Which statement about this trait is correct? Please choose the best option. a) In humans, the trait cannot be explained by the theory of evolution by natural selection. b. In humans, the trait improves the biological fitness of individuals. c. In humans, the trait is similar to a functional version of the trait in closely related species. d. Humans lack vestigial traitsarrow_forward
- Which of the following is the MOST important characteristic of a trait for it to undergo descent with modification? A. It must be heritable. B. It must exhibit variation. C. It must exhibit phenotypic plasticity. D. Variation in the trait must be accompanied by variation in fitness.arrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following statements about natural selection is true (T) or false (F). Put either a T or an F in each box provided. a. Natural selection alters a population's gene pool b. Natural selection creates new alleles which increase the reproductive success of their owners c. Natural selection favors traits which it anticipates will be beneficial to a species in the future d. Natural selection can at times be observed in nature over the course of just a few decades e. Natural selection acts directly on an individual's phenotypearrow_forwardWhich of the following conclusions are MOST likely to be supported by genetic evidence? A. Some modern-day organisms did not exist in the past. B. Some organisms found in the fossil record do not currently exist. C. Environmental change affected the fitness of individuals differently based on their traits. D. Some disease-causing traits may remain in a population because their alleles provide an advantage to heterozygotes.arrow_forward
- Which of the following best explains the role mutations play in natural selection?A. Most mutations are negative and result in the extinction of the entire speciesB. Mutations may appear for one or two generations, but they usually disappear quickly.C. If the environment changes, an existing organism develops a mutation that will help them to survive.D. Some mutations give individuals an advantage in their environment, allowing them to survive and reproduce.D is my answer is it correct?arrow_forwardA. Genetic drift refers to a. change in the way the body functions as a result of stressors. b. changes in the DNA sequence, particularly in sex cells. c. random changes or accidents that reduce genetic variation in a population. B. All human cultures a. can be correlated with "races" in the past. b. are unchanging and eternal. c. can be ranked as "primitive" or "advanced". d. are integrated and complex. d. exchange of genes when outsiders migrate into an area.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements describes an example of genetic drift?a. Allele g for fat production increases in a small population because birds with more bodyfat have higher survivorship in a harsh winter.b. Random mutation increases the frequency of allele A in one population but not inanother.c. Allele R reaches a frequency of 1.0 because individuals with genotype rr are sterile.d. Allele m is lost when a virus kills all but a few individuals and just by chance, none ofthe survivors possess allele m.arrow_forward
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