Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (6th Edition) (Belk, Border & Maier, The Biology: Science for Life Series, 5th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134555430
Author: Colleen Belk, Virginia Borden Maier
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 22, Problem 9LTB
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Muscle can be defined as a bundle or band of fibrous tissue in an animal or human body that has the capability to contract and produce movement in or upholding the location of body parts. There are 3 types of muscle tissue: smooth, cardiac, and skeletal. All muscles are made up of a type of elastic tissue.
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The following list of events take place during a muscle contraction. Place the events in chronological order as they relate to a muscle contraction.
Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Myosin heads bind to actin.
An action potential arrives at the axon terminal of a motor neuron.
Calcium binds to troponin, displacing tropomyosin and exposing myosin head binding sites on actin.
Myosin heads undergo power stroke and actin slides over myosin towards M line of sarcomere.
Acetylcholine is released at the neuromuscular junction.
In the process of muscle contraction, which of the following steps immediately precedes the sliding of tropomyosin causing exposure of actin?
binding of acetylcholine to its receptor
binding of calcium to troponin
exocytosis of acetylcholine at NMJ
binding of myosin head to actin's active site
binding of ATP to the myosin head
In the process of muscle contraction, which of the following steps immediately precedes the influx of sodium into a myofiber at the neuromuscular junction?
release of calcium from the terminal cisternae
sliding of tropomyosin causing exposure of actin
propagation of an action potential down the t-tubules
binding of myosin head to actin's active site
binding of acetylcholine to its receptor
Chapter 22 Solutions
Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (6th Edition) (Belk, Border & Maier, The Biology: Science for Life Series, 5th Edition)
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- In the process of muscle contraction, which of the following steps requires hydrolysis of ATP to complete? movement of myosin head, pulling the thin filament binding of myosin head to active site on actin resetting of the myosin head back to its ready position letting go of myosin head from the active site on actin sliding of tropomyosin causing exposure of actinarrow_forwardIn the process of muscle contraction, which of the following steps immediately comes after the propagation of an action potential down the t-tubules of a myofiber? sliding of tropomyosin causing exposure of actin binding of myosin head to actin's active site release of calcium from the terminal cisternae binding of acetylcholine to its receptor influx of sodium at the sarcolemmaarrow_forwardWhich of the following step(s) about the excitation of skeletal muscle is/are incorrect? 1. Acetylcholine is released and binds to motor end plate receptors 2. An action potential is created and moves down T-tubules 3. Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum 4. Calcium ions bind to tropomyosin to shift troponin off the binding sites for cross-bridging 5. Myosin forms cross-bridges and binds with actin to pull it towards middle of sarcomerearrow_forward
- Skeletal muscle will be released in its contracted (rigor) state when: Group of answer choices ATP is hydrolyzed into forming ADP and inorganic phosphate. ATP binds to the myosin head. ADP is dissociated from the myosin head. ATP binds to the actin G-molecule.arrow_forwardThe power stroke in muscle contraction is the: Group of answer choices product of force and velocity in muscle contraction transmission of the action potential down the neuron rotation of the myosin head after the cross bridge forms transmission of the action potential down the neuronarrow_forwardOrder the events leading to muscle contraction. Ca ions bind to troponin myosin binds to actin Nerve cell releases acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction troponin pulls tropomyosin, exposing the mysoin binding site ATP causing myosin to move (pull) actin toward the center of the cell the sarcolemma membrane depolarizes and triggers the sarcoplamic reticulum to release Ca ionsarrow_forward
- Hello, may I please get help with this physiology question? An explanation leading to the correct answer would be helpful! Scenario: Your friend Arnold S, who sometimes goes by "Dutch", has started lifting weights because he wants his muscles to get bigger. He's done a little bit of research, and he tells you that weight lifting is increasing the size of myofibrils. Arnie is getting huge, and so you are hesitant to correct him, but you know that what he's saying isn't quite right. The more likely explanation for Arnold's muscles getting bigger is...arrow_forwardAccording to the sliding filament mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction, during contraction: The thick filaments stay the same size but the thin filaments shorten. The thin filaments stay the same size but the thick filaments shorten. Both thick and thin filaments shorten. The sarcomeres shorten.arrow_forwardWe control muscle force using motor unit recruitment. When we recruit more motor units, what is happening at the organ/cell/molecular level? more myofibrils within a muscle cell are activated more muscle cells are excited the rate of crossbridge cycling is increased the number of myosin heads bound to actin within a muscle cell is increased more Ca++ is released into the cyoplasm of the muscle cellarrow_forward
- Which of the following correctly states the importance of an action potential to muscle contration? The SR will only release Ca2+ if it has been electrically stimulated. Sarcomeres require a negative electrical charge to start sliding. Actin and myosin must be electrically charged to create a cross-bridge. ATP cannot be split into ADP and Pi without an action potential.arrow_forwardMyosin filaments iterdigitate with actin filaments in order to bring about muscle contraction. Provide below the 5 steps that are required for Myosin to move along actin.arrow_forwardArrange the following in statements in the order that they occur during muscle contraction: 1-10 ACh leaves the synaptic knob and enters the synaptic cleft The action potential is carried deep into the muscle cell by T tubules The muscle cell relaxes and lengthens Myosin binds to and pulls on actin, resulting in muscle shortening Calcium attaches to troponin As calcium re-enters the sarcoplasmic reticulum, its concentration at the myofilaments decreases Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum Tropomyosin rolls out of the way, exposing actin ACh diffuses across the synaptic cleft and attaches to protein receptors on the sarcolemma, resulting in muscle "excitation" Na+ enters the muscle cell and K+ exits, resulting in an action potentialarrow_forward
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