Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134711751
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 22, Problem 5SQ
Which class of large biological molecules is primarily broken down in the stomach? What enzyme is responsible?
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There are several processes that take place from the moment food enters our mouth until it is completely digested and used for energy.
Using approximately 400-500 words, describe in detail and in order of process the mechanical (stomach and intestine)and chemical (gastric acid and enzymes) digestion of eating a grilled chicken sandwich with mayonnaise, lettuce, and tomatoes. Note what role the pancreas, gallbladder, and liver play in digestion of the ingredients? From what ingredients is your body deriving its energy and how many basic calories from the macronutrients ingested?
Include at least two scholarly references (using APA formatting and style) to guide your answers (note that you can use your textbook as one of your references).
Choose the correct steps of lipid digestion.
Emulsification in the stomach due to the grinding and mixing -
emulsification is enhanced by bile salts → triacylglycerols of lipids are
degraded to water and monoacylglycerol by lipases in the lumen of the
small intestine.
Formation of micelles in the stomach due to the grinding and mixing →
triacylglycerols of lipids are degraded to free fatty acids and
monoacylglycerol by lipases in the lumen of the small intestine.
Emulsification in the stomach due to grinding and mixing →
emulsification is enhanced by bile salts in the intestine →
triacylglycerols of lipids are degraded to free fatty acids and
monoacylglycerol by lipases in the lumen of the small intestine.
Emulsification in the intestine due to the grinding and mixing →
emulsification is enhanced by bile salts in the stomach →
triacylglycerols of lipids are degraded to free fatty acids and
monoacylglycerol by lipases in the lumen of the small intestine.
Emulsification by bile salts in…
What molecules do the following digestive enzymes help to break down? (a) amylase, (b) invertase, (c) endopeptidase
Chapter 22 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (6th Edition)
Ch. 22 - Prob. 1SQCh. 22 - Prob. 2SQCh. 22 - Prob. 3SQCh. 22 - Why dont astronauts in zero gravity have trouble...Ch. 22 - Which class of large biological molecules is...Ch. 22 - Prob. 6SQCh. 22 - Prob. 7SQCh. 22 - Explain haw treatment of a chronic infection with...Ch. 22 - Why is the amount of oxygen you consume...Ch. 22 - Prob. 10SQ
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- For protein in the stomach, what enzyme is involved in hydrolysis? What are the final product(s) after hydrolysis?arrow_forwardIn which of the following organs does pepsin perform enzymatic digestion? The stomach The small intestine The mouth The large intestinearrow_forwardWhat type of reaction must take place in order for chemical digestion to occur?arrow_forward
- name the protein digesting enzymes.arrow_forwardProteasas are enzymes that break down proteins. Gastric proteasas are found in the stomach; intestinal proteases are found in the small intestine. Estimate the optimum pH for these two enzymes and identify as acidic or basic: Gastric proteases: pH= ____; acidic or basic Intestinal proteases activity: pH= ____; acidic or basicarrow_forwardWhich types of macromolecules (protein, carbohydrate, fat, or nucleic acid?) can be enzymatically digested in the oral cavity, stomach small intestine (answer this specific question based on Fig 33.9)arrow_forward
- Which of the following enzymes is activated in the stomach to promote digestion of dietary proteins into polypeptides? Pepsin, Lipase, Amylase, Trypsin?arrow_forwarda) What is the general function of all enzymes that are involved in the digestive process.b) Use the Table below to summarise the function of 6 named digestive enzymes that are either secreted from specific regions of the gastrointestinal system, or part of the intestinal brush border. Enzyme Site of secretion / Action Function (to include substrate and product formed)arrow_forwardYou eat spaghetti with tomato sauce, peas, and Parmesan cheese. Describe the path through each organ of the digestive system this meal takes, describing how EACH of the FOUR BIOMOLECULES of the meal is digested and absorbed. Discuss all of the organs and enzymes involved.arrow_forward
- Which of the following best describe protein digestion? . Protein digestion is a hydrolytic process regulated by pH changes in the gastro-intestinal track, and hormonal and enzyme releases at various stages of digestion. .. Protein digestion occurs during the gastric phase of digestion starting in the stomach. Protein digestion cleaves peptide bonds releasing peptides, and amino acids Protein digestion is a hydrolytic process involving proteases/ proteinases Protein digestion occurs at the active site of proteases and is effected by the catalytic triads.arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between chemical and physical digestion? Please given one detailed example of where they occur during the digestion process.arrow_forwardWhy does digestion need regulation and how is it achieved?arrow_forward
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