CHEMISTRY >CUSTOM<
CHEMISTRY >CUSTOM<
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781309097182
Author: SILBERBERG
Publisher: MCG/CREATE
Question
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Chapter 22, Problem 22.85P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A balanced chemical equation for formation of sodium carbonate has to be written.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The overall balanced equation is the sum of each step in the formation of sodium carbonate.

     2NaCl(s) + H2SO4(aq) Na2SO4(aq) + 2HCl(g) Na2SO4(aq)+2C(s)Na2S(s)+2CO2(g) Na2S(s) + CaCO3(s)Na2CO3(s) + CaS(s)OverallCaCO3(s)+Na2SO4(aq)+2C(s)+2NaCl(s) + H2SO4(aq)  Na2SO4(aq)+2HCl(g)+2CO2(g)+Na2CO3(s) + CaS(s).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The standard enthalpy of calcium sulphide has to be determined.

Concept Introduction: 

Standard enthalpy of a reaction is the sum of the standard enthalpies of products minus sum of the standard enthalpies of reactants.

    ΔHοrxn=mΔHf(products)o-mΔHf(reactants)o

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The standard enthalpy of calcium sulphide is determined as,

ΔHοrxn=mΔHf(products)o-mΔHf(reactants)oΔHοrxn=[(1 mol Na2SO4(aq))(ΔHfoNa2SO4(aq))+ (2 mol HCl)(ΔHfoHCl)+(2 mol CO2)(ΔHfoCO2) +(1 mol Na2CO3)(ΔHfoNa2CO3)+ (1 mol CaS)(ΔHfoCaS)]-[(1 mol CaCO3)(ΔHfoCaCO3) +(1 mol Na2SO4(s))(ΔHfoNa2SO4(s))+ (2 mol C)(ΔHfoC)+ (2 mol NaCl)(ΔHfoNaCl) + (1 mol H2SO4)(ΔHfoH2SO4)]351.8 kJ/mol = [(1 mol)(-1389.5 kJ/mol)+ (2 mol)(-92.31 kJ/mol)+ (2 mol)(-393.5 kJ/mol) +(1 mol)(-1130.8 kJ/mol)+ (1 mol)(ΔHfoCaS)]-[(1 mol)(-1206.9 kJ/mol) + (1 mol)(-1387.1 kJ/mol)+(2 mo)(0 kJ/mol) + (2 mol)(-411.1 kJ/mol)+(1 mol)(-907.51 kJ/mol)]ΔHfoCaS=-480KJ.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The overall reaction spontaneous or not has to be determined.

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The reaction is very endothermic; therefore it is probably not spontaneous even though the entropy change maybe expected to be positive. It will take a change in gibbs energy determination to know for sure.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mass of sodium carbonate has to be determined.

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The mass of sodium carbonate in the given reaction is calculated as,

Mass (g) of Na2CO3 =(250. g NaCl)(1 mol NaCl58.44 g NaCl)(1 mol Na2CO32molNaCl)(105.99 gNa2CO31 molNa2CO3)(73%100%) =165 gNa2CO3.

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Chapter 22 Solutions

CHEMISTRY >CUSTOM<

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