An Introduction to Physical Science
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079137
Author: James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 21, Problem TM
To determine
Pick the keyword from the given list: The giant supercontinent that is thought to have existed about
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Which of the following is the most related to plate tectonics activity?
a
climate
b.
volcanos and earthquakes
c.
wind and ocean currents
d.
glaciers and blizzards
5. The "iceberg analogy" for the isostatic equilibrium of the continental crust turns out to be quite
the relative density of icebergs versus seawater is close to the relative density of continental crust versus mantle.
Glacial ice is about 15% less dense than seawater; likewise continental crust is about 15% less dense than the
mantle. This leads to a simple rule that we can call the 1-to-8 rule: for every 1 unit of extra elevation for an
iceberg or a mountain belt, there need to be 8 units of total thickness. These iceberg examples illustrate the
idea:
an iceberg 3 meters
above sea level is
24 meters thick
an iceberg 1 meter
above sea level is
8 meters thick
an iceberg 2 meters
above sea level is
16 meters thick
3m
2m
water level
1m
>7m
14m
21m
For the following questions, apply the 1-to-8 rule, assuming continental crust in isostatic equilibrium.
a. Continental crust at sea level averages about 35 kilometers thick. (1 km = 0.6 miles.) Therefore,
in general, how thick must the crust…
Which of the following is most responsible for the
formation of new crust ar the edge of a tectonic
plate?
A. mountain building at a continent-continent
convergent boundary
B. magma rising up from the mantle at a
divergent boundary
С.
two tectonic plates sliding past one another at
a transform boundary
D.
subduction of one oceanic plate under another
at a convergent boundary
Chapter 21 Solutions
An Introduction to Physical Science
Ch. 21.1 - What are the four regions of the Earths interior?Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 2PQCh. 21.2 - Prob. 1PQCh. 21.2 - Prob. 2PQCh. 21.3 - Prob. 1PQCh. 21.3 - Prob. 2PQCh. 21.4 - Prob. 1PQCh. 21.4 - Prob. 2PQCh. 21.5 - Prob. 1PQCh. 21.5 - On what crustal plate is Los Angeles located, and...
Ch. 21.6 - Prob. 1PQCh. 21.6 - Prob. 2PQCh. 21 - Prob. AMCh. 21 - Prob. BMCh. 21 - Prob. CMCh. 21 - Prob. DMCh. 21 - Prob. EMCh. 21 - Prob. FMCh. 21 - Prob. GMCh. 21 - Prob. HMCh. 21 - Prob. IMCh. 21 - Prob. JMCh. 21 - Prob. KMCh. 21 - Prob. LMCh. 21 - Prob. MMCh. 21 - Prob. NMCh. 21 - Prob. OMCh. 21 - Prob. PMCh. 21 - Prob. QMCh. 21 - Prob. RMCh. 21 - Prob. SMCh. 21 - Prob. TMCh. 21 - Prob. UMCh. 21 - Prob. VMCh. 21 - Prob. WMCh. 21 - Prob. XMCh. 21 - Prob. YMCh. 21 - Prob. ZMCh. 21 - Prob. AAMCh. 21 - Prob. BBMCh. 21 - Prob. 1MCCh. 21 - The Moho boundary separates which two layers of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3MCCh. 21 - Which of the following geologic evidence does not...Ch. 21 - Prob. 5MCCh. 21 - Which of the following is a primary cause of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 7MCCh. 21 - Prob. 8MCCh. 21 - What process during plate collisions leads to the...Ch. 21 - On the Richter scale, a magnitude 7.0 earthquake...Ch. 21 - Prob. 11MCCh. 21 - Prob. 12MCCh. 21 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 21 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 21 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 21 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 21 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 21 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 21 - Prob. 7FIBCh. 21 - Prob. 8FIBCh. 21 - Dubbed the ___, it is the geologically active...Ch. 21 - Prob. 10FIBCh. 21 - Prob. 11FIBCh. 21 - Prob. 12FIBCh. 21 - Prob. 1SACh. 21 - Name the four major regions of the Earth, from...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3SACh. 21 - Prob. 4SACh. 21 - Explain the mechanism behind continental drift.Ch. 21 - What is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?Ch. 21 - Prob. 7SACh. 21 - Prob. 8SACh. 21 - Prob. 9SACh. 21 - Prob. 10SACh. 21 - Explain how continental crust and oceanic crust...Ch. 21 - Prob. 12SACh. 21 - Prob. 13SACh. 21 - Prob. 14SACh. 21 - Prob. 15SACh. 21 - Prob. 16SACh. 21 - Prob. 17SACh. 21 - Prob. 18SACh. 21 - Prob. 19SACh. 21 - Prob. 20SACh. 21 - Prob. 21SACh. 21 - Prob. 22SACh. 21 - Prob. 23SACh. 21 - Prob. 24SACh. 21 - Prob. 25SACh. 21 - Distinguish among a normal fault, a reverse fault,...Ch. 21 - Prob. 27SACh. 21 - Prob. 28SACh. 21 - Prob. 1VCCh. 21 - State two similarities between the methods used by...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2AYKCh. 21 - Describe an accurate method to measure the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 4AYKCh. 21 - Prob. 5AYKCh. 21 - Refer to Fig. 21.16 and 21.19. In terms of...Ch. 21 - What forces and factors determine whether a rock...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 13. How deep in the crust is 10 kbar? Lithostatic pressure within the crusts results from the weight of the rocks above. Assume an average density of 2750 kg/m3. Use the equation P=p*g*h or P/(p *g)=h 23kPa/m P=pressure (e.g. kbar), p=density, g-gravity 9.8 m/s2, h= depth (m), 1 kbar=1,000 bars, 1 bar=100,000 Pa, 1 Pa=kg/(m*s2), 1 kbar =100,000,000 Pa, 1 km =1000 m. Give your answer in kilometers.arrow_forwardif a seismic wave has a wavelength of 20 meters. what is the minimum layer thickness these seismic waves can resolve? (Think about vertical resolution) Select one: a. 2 O b. 5 О с. 10 O d. 20arrow_forwardWhat is a boundary layer? What causes a boundary layer to develop?arrow_forward
- In marine seismic exploration, a seismic source such as an air gun or water gun is used to generate seismic energy. All seismic sources deployed in the water have what feature in common?a. They generate P-waves onlyb. They generate S-waves onlyc. They generate both P and S wavesd. They generate both P and SV wavesarrow_forwardThe Hawaiian Islands have formed as the Pacific Plate moves northwestward over a hot spot of Earth’s interior that provides magma to form several volcanos. Explain what could happen if the Pacific Plate continues to move.arrow_forwardAn earthquake occurs 6,875 km from a seismograph. The P-waves arrive 11.6 minutes later. How fast is the P-wave traveling (in km/s)? If the lag time between P- and S-waves is 10.8 minutes, how fast are the S-waves traveling (in km/s)? Using the shadow of S-waves you determine that the radius of the core is 55% of the Earth's 6,378-km radius. How many kilometers from the surface is this (in km)? To calculate how fast the P-waves are traveling, we need to divide the distance the waves travel by the time. vP = d s vP = km/sarrow_forward
- 11. Which part of the Earth is a hot, elastic semi-liquid layer that extends around the entire Earth?A. crust B. core C. mantle D. asthenospherearrow_forwardDescribe the planet that has volcano in it.arrow_forwardWhat is remanent magnetism? How can it be used to track the movement of continents over time?arrow_forward
- On July 13, 1986, the strongest earthquake known to strike San Diego County registered 5.4 on the Richter scale. It was centered off the coast of Oceanside on the Coronado Bank Fault. a) Determine the amount of energy released in ergs and b) Joules.arrow_forwardHow does physics apply to these geological processes (volcanic eruptions, mountain formation, deposition)? Please explain.arrow_forwardState the dynamic processes of rock formation and deformation, volcanism, and earthquakes within the framework of Plate Tectonic Theoryarrow_forward
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