Essential Organic Chemistry, Global Edition
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781292089034
Author: Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 21, Problem 31P
The amino acid sequences of peptide fragments obtained from a normal protein were compared with those obtained from the same protein synthesized by a defective gene. They were found to differ in only one peptide fragment. Their amino acid sequences are shown here:
Normal: Gln-Tyr-Gly-Thr-Arg-Tyr-Val
Mutant: Gln-Ser-Glu-Pro-Gly-Thr
- a. What is the defect in DNA?
- b. It was later determined that the normal peptide fragment is an octapeptide with a C-terminal Val-Leu. What is the C-terminal amino acid of the mutant peptide?
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20. What functional group is found on every amino acid not in a zwitterion form?
a. -SH
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21. The peptide linkage that bonds the monomers together in proteins is also corr
Three peptides were obtained from a trypsin digestion of two different polypeptides. In each case, indicate the possible sequences from the given data and tell what further experiment should be carried out in order to determine the primary structure of the polypeptide. a. polypeptide I: 1. Val-Gly-Asp-Lys 2. Leu-Glu-Pro-Ala-Arg 3. Ala-Leu-Gly-Asp b. polypeptide II: 1. Val-Leu-Gly-Glu 2. Ala-Glu-Pro-Arg 3. Ala-Met-Gly-Lys
Consider the following peptide. Assume the following about the peptide:
C-terminus, pKa = 2 & N-terminus, pka =9
• Calculate the pl of the peptide.
H
H-N+
H
H
O
N.
H
N.+
но
H
H
H
I.
N.
N:
H
NH
-0.
Chapter 21 Solutions
Essential Organic Chemistry, Global Edition
Ch. 21.1 - Draw the structure for each of the following: a....Ch. 21.3 - If one of the strands of DNA has the following...Ch. 21.4 - The 2,3-cyclic phosphodiester that is formed...Ch. 21.5 - Using a dark line for the original parental DNA...Ch. 21.7 - Why do both thymine and uracil specify the...Ch. 21.9 - If methionine is always the first amino acid...Ch. 21.9 - Four Cs occur in a row in the segment of mRNA...Ch. 21.9 - UAA is a stop codon. Why does the UAA sequence in...Ch. 21.9 - A change in which base of a codon would be least...Ch. 21.9 - Write the sequences of bases in the sense strand...
Ch. 21.9 - List the possible codons on mRNA that specify each...Ch. 21.10 - Adenine can be deaminated to hypoxanthine, and...Ch. 21.10 - Explain why thymine cannot be deaminated.Ch. 21.12 - Which of the following base sequences would most...Ch. 21 - Draw structures for the following: a....Ch. 21 - What nonapeptide is coded for by the following...Ch. 21 - What is the sequence of bases in the template...Ch. 21 - What is the sequence of bases in the sense strand...Ch. 21 - What would be the C-terminal amino acid if the...Ch. 21 - What would be the base sequence of the segment of...Ch. 21 - Propose a mechanism for the following reaction:Ch. 21 - A segment of DNA has 18 base pairs. It has 7...Ch. 21 - Match the codon with the anticodon: Codon: AAA GCA...Ch. 21 - Using the single-letter abbreviations for the...Ch. 21 - Indicate whether each functional group of the five...Ch. 21 - Using the A and D designations in Problem 25,...Ch. 21 - Which of the following pairs of dinucleotides are...Ch. 21 - If an mRNA contained only U and G in random...Ch. 21 - Why is the codon a triplet rather than a doublet...Ch. 21 - Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the...Ch. 21 - The amino acid sequences of peptide fragments...Ch. 21 - Which cytosine in the following sense strand of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 33PCh. 21 - Why does DNA not unravel completely before...Ch. 21 - The first amino acid incorporated into a...
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- 22-35 Why is histidine considered a basic amino acid when the pKa of its side chain is 6.0?arrow_forwardFor the tripeptide GlyAlaCys a. What amino acid is located at the peptides N-terminal end? b. What amino acid is located at the peptides C-terminal end? c. How many peptide bonds are present? d. How many amide linkages are present?arrow_forward13. How many amino acids are required in a B-bend? A) 3 B) 3.6 C) 4 D) 5 14. Which one of the following proteins contains a structure with three extended helical chains coiled into a triple helix, and the sequence contains stretches of repetitive amino acid sequences of Pro-Gly-X or Hyp-Gly-X (X = any amino acid and Hyp = 4-hydroxyproline). A) Collagen B) Hemoglobin C) Triose phosphate isomerase D) Keratin 15. Proteins are classified within families or superfamilies based on similarities in: A) Evolutionary origin B) Physico-chemical properties C) Structure and/or function D) Subcellular location 16. An average protein will not be denatured by: A) A detergent such as sodium dodecyl sulfate B) Heating to 90°C C) lodoacetic acid D) pH 10arrow_forward
- 3. Draw the tripeptide Alanine-Cysteine-Serine (R1 = CH3, R2 = CH2SH, R3 = CH2OH) under the following pH conditions and list the net charge on the protein. A. pH= 1 Net charge? B. pH=7 Net charge? C. pH=12 Net charge?arrow_forward5. A peptide is synthesized using a solid-phase peptide synthesis strategy. Amino acids are typically protected using a Boc group, Fmoc group or Cbz group. Which amino acids will require two protecting groups instead of one? A. E В. G С. L D. W E. F nswer: Explanation: 34%arrow_forward10. Which side chain would most likely be found in the interior of a protein, away from the aqueous environment? a. -CH2OH b. -CH2SH с. -СH-CООН d. -CH2CONH2 e.arrow_forward
- 8. The following proteins represent a wide range of molecular weights and isoelectric points. Mr is the molecular weight of a single protein chain. • Protein 1: Mr 68,544; pl 6.11 (monomer) • Protein 2: Mr 29,041; pl 5.32 (dimer) • Protein 3: Mr 15,805; pl 5.7 (dimer) • Protein 4: Mr 12,165; pl 4.74 a. Which protein is the most acidic? Explain your answer. b. Which protein will migrate the slowest in an SDS-PAGE? Explain your answer. c. In what order will these proteins elute from a cation exchanger at pH 8? Explain your answer. d. In what order will these proteins salt out from a pH 7 solution by the dropwise addition of saturated ammonium sulfate? Explain your answer. 5 83°F Cloudyarrow_forwardA. Write the structure of the pentapeptide GLDSC. B. What is the complete name of this pentapeptide? Show a tertiary structure of ACGGC after a disulfide bond forms. A sample of an unknown peptide was divided into two aliquots. One aliquot was treated with trypsin; the other was treated with cyanogen bromide. Given the following sequences (N-terminal to C- terminal) of the resulting fragments, deduce the sequence of the original peptide. Trypsin treatment Asn-Thr-Trp-Met-lle-Lys Gly-Tyr-Met-Gin-Phe Val-Leu-Gly-Met-Ser-Arg Cyanogen bromide treatment Gin-Phe Val-Leu-Gly-Met lle-Lys-Gly-Tyr-Met Ser-Arg-Asn-Thr-Trp-Metarrow_forwardAmino Acids and Proteins 1. What are the structural features of amino acids with an emphasis on essential amino acids? 2. Write the properties of amino acids: zwitterion, pka, pKb, amphoteric character, isoelectric point, and electrophoresis. 3. Write the mechanism of peptide bond formation and what are its structural features. 4. What are the different types of proteins and their function? 5. Explain the meaning and importance of the primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures of a protein and the factors that cause its denaturation.arrow_forward
- Three peptides were obtained from a trypsin digestion of two different polypeptides. indicate the possible sequences from the given data and tell what further experiment should be carried out in order to determine the primary structure of the polypeptide. polypeptide I: 1. Val-Gly-Asp-Lys 2. Leu-Glu-Pro-Ala-Arg 3. Ala-Leu-Gly-Asparrow_forward5 ased on molecular weights of purified (no beta-Me) and (beta-Me) sample, which are 97.4 kDa and 47.2 kDa, what can be said about the number and size of the protein monomers, as well as the nature of the bonds holding together the complete quaternary structure of the proteins?arrow_forwardome C File Edit View History Aktiv Chemistry app.101edu.co Bookmarks Profiles Tab Gln X + Question 1 of 20 Using proper convention, provide the amino acid sequence for the following protein. CH₂ H₂N-CH-C-N-CH-C-N-CH-8-N-CH-8-8 CH2₂ CH₂ C=0 00 HN- Window Help CH₂ C=0 NH₂ 1 CH-OH CH3 Ala Arg Asn Asp Cys Glu Gly His lle Leu Lysarrow_forward
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