Economics (7th Edition) (What's New in Economics)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134738321
Author: R. Glenn Hubbard, Anthony Patrick O'Brien
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 21, Problem 21.2.17PA
Sub part (a):
To determine
Effect of budget surplus.
Sub part (b):
To determine
Effect of budget surplus.
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The following graph shows the demand for loanable funds and the supply of loanable funds in the United States. At the current equilibrium, the
government is experiencing a balanced budget. Assume that the U.S. government bails out several troubled banks without increasing taxes, creating a
budget deficit.
Show the effect of the budget deficit on the market for loanable funds by shifting the demand (D) curve, the supply (S) curve, or both.
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According to how we model the Loanable Funds market in Ch. 6 (considering household savings and taking (T – G) as government’s net ‘saving,’ which could be negative it there were a budget deficit), which of the following shifts the Supply of Loanable Funds curve to the left? (T = taxes; G = government spending.)
Group of answer choices
A) higher tax rates on business investment spending
B) a change in tastes toward consuming less
C) higher budget deficit
D) change in tastes toward saving more
E) lower budget deficit
Using a graph representing the market for loanable funds, show and explain what happens to interest rates and investment if: a reduction in military spending moves the government’s budget from deficit into surplus.
Chapter 21 Solutions
Economics (7th Edition) (What's New in Economics)
Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.1.1RQCh. 21 - Prob. 21.1.2RQCh. 21 - Prob. 21.1.3RQCh. 21 - Prob. 21.1.4RQCh. 21 - Prob. 21.1.5PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.1.6PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.1.7PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.1.8PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.1.9PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.1.10PA
Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.1.11PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.1.12PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.1.13PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.1.14PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.2.1RQCh. 21 - Prob. 21.2.2RQCh. 21 - Prob. 21.2.3RQCh. 21 - Prob. 21.2.5PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.2.6PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.2.7PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.2.8PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.2.9PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.2.10PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.2.11PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.2.12PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.2.13PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.2.14PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.2.15PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.2.17PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.3.2RQCh. 21 - Prob. 21.3.3RQCh. 21 - Prob. 21.3.4PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.3.5PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.3.6PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.3.7PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.3.8PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.3.9PACh. 21 - Prob. 21.1RDECh. 21 - Prob. 21.2RDECh. 21 - Prob. 21.3RDECh. 21 - Prob. 21.2CTE
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Similar questions
- In the graph you've just made, how does a tax on interest income influence the real interest rate and investment? A tax on interest income _______ loanable funds, which _______ the real interest rate and _______ investment. A. decreases the demand for; raises; decreases B. decreases the supply of; raises; decreases C. increases the supply of; lowers; increases D. increases the demand for; lowers; increases Screenshot attached thanksarrow_forwardUse the analysis for the market for loanable funds diagram to illustrate and explain how the following government policy affect the economy’s saving and investment. Policy 1: Suppose the government starts with a balanced budget and then, because of a tax cut or spending increase, starts running a budget deficit. (i) which which loanable funds curve would this policy affect? (ii) which way would the loanable funds curve shift? (iii) what would be the the impact on interest rates?arrow_forwardDraw a graph to illustrate the effect of an increase in the demand for loanable funds and an even larger increase in the supply of loanable funds on the equilibrium quantity of loanable funds and the real interest rate.arrow_forward
- On the following graph, show the impact of the increase in government purchases on the interest rate by shifting one or both of the curves. Supply X Demand 2 10 20 30 40 50 QUANTITY OF LOANABLE FUNDS (Billions of dollars) 12 IN TEREST RATE 10 0 0 60 ģ Demand Supply ? Suppose that for each one-percentage-point increase in the interest rate, the level of investment spending declines by $1.25 billion. by According to the change you made to the loanable funds market in the previous scenario, the increase in government purchases causes the interest rate in the money market to from 6% to %. The change in the interest rate causes the level of investment spending to $ billion. by After the multiplier effect is accounted for, the change in investment spending will cause the quantity of output demanded to $ billion at each price level. The impact of an increase in government purchases on the interest rate and the level of investment spending is known as the effect. Place the purple line (diamond…arrow_forwardThe Washington Post's headline reads "Business Confidence Reaches Highest Level in 5 Years." A. Draw a correctly labeled graph of the loanable funds market and show the effect of high business confidence on the equilibrium real interest rate. B. Assume the government increases its spending on capital projects and infrastructure. Would financing the increased government spending by borrowing result in a higher, a lower, or the same equilibrium real interest rate? Explain. C. How will the increase in government spending financed by borrowing affect national savings? D. If the expected inflation rate decreases to 0, will the nominal interest rate be greater than, less than, or equal to the real interest rate? Explain.arrow_forwardThe table shows an economy's demand for loanable funds and supply of loanable funds schedules when the government's budget is balanced. The quantity of loanable funds demanded increases by $2.0 trillion at each real interest rate and the quantity of loanable funds supplied increases by $1.0 trillion at each interest rate. If, at the same time the government budget becomes a deficit of $1.0 trillion, what are the real interest rate, the quantity of loanable funds, investment, and saving? >>> Answer to 1 decimal place. Real interest rate (percent per year) Loanable funds Loanable funds demanded supplied (trillions of 2012 dollars per year) 4 7.5 6.5 5 7.0 7.0 6 6.5 7.5 7 6.0 8.0 8 5.5 8.5 9 5.0 9.0 10 4.5 9.5 The real interest rate is 7 percent a year. The quantity of loanable funds is $ trillion, investment is $ trillion, and saving is $ trillion.arrow_forward
- Draw a graph to illustrate the effect of a decrease in the demand for loanable funds and a smaller decrease in the supply of loanable funds on the real interest rate and the equilibrium quantity of loanable funds. Draw a demand for loanable funds curve. Label it DLF Draw a supply of loanable funds curve. Label it SLF Draw a point at the equilibrium real interest rate and quantity of loanable funds. Label it 1. Draw a curve that shows a decrease in the demand for loanable funds. Label it DLF₁. Draw a curve that shows a smaller decrease in the supply of loanable funds. Label it SLF₁. Draw a point at the new equilibrium real interest rate and quantity of loanable funds. Label it 2. KKKTES 12.0 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 20 Real interest rate (percent per year) 0.0+ 0.0 5.0 Q Q 2 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 Loanable funds (trillions of 2012 dollars) >>> Draw only the objects specified in the question.arrow_forwardUse the loanable funds market to illustrate the effect of the following events on the equilibrium. Illustrate the effects on the interest rate and quantity of investment-savings a) The proportion of retired people in the population goes up. Think that usually retired people generally save less than working people at any interest rate. b) At any given interest rate, consumers decide to save more (assume the budget balance is zero). c) At any given interest rate, businesses become very optimistic about the future profitability of investment spending (assume the budget balance is zero).arrow_forwardRecently, the economies of North Korea and Norway have begun to grow very rapidly. This increases their citizens’ income and wealth as well. In turn, these citizens increase their savings not only in their country, but also in the United States. In this case, which of the following statements is correct? A. The supply of loanable funds decreases as savings increase. B. The supply of loanable funds increases as savings increase. C. The demand of loanable funds decreases as savings increase. D. Both supply and demand of loanable funds increase as savings increase.arrow_forward
- Use the analysis for the market for loanable funds diagram to illustrate and explain how the following government policy affects the economy’s saving and investment. Policy 1: Suppose the government starts with a balanced budget and then, because of a tax cut or spending increase, starts running a budget deficit.State, explain and draw the loanable funds diagram for i,ii and iii. (i) which which loanable funds curve would this policy affect?(ii) which way would the loanable funds curve shift?(iii) what would be the the impact on interest rates?arrow_forwardRecently, the economies of North Korea and Norway have begun to grow very rapidly. This increases their citizens’ income and wealth as well. In turn, these citizens increase their savings not only in their country, but also in the United States. In this case, which of the following statements is correct? A. The supply of loanable funds decreases as savings increase. B. The supply of loanable funds increases as savings increase. C. The demand of loanable funds decreases as savings increase. D. Both supply and demand of loanable funds increase as savings increase. Clear my choicearrow_forwardSuppose government moves to increase its budget deficit by $30 million. With the aid of the market for loanable funds diagram, illustrate the impact of this government spending.arrow_forward
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