(a) Interpretation: A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed. Concept introduction: The α -hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α -hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α -halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.10P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

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Problem (a) Why is the following reaction a poor method for the synthesis of t propyl ether? (b) What would be the major product from this reaction? (c) Propose a better synthesis of t-butyl propyl ether. does not CH, give ÇH, CH,CH,CH,-0:- *Na + CH,-Ċ-Br CH;-Ç-0-CH,CH, CH, CH, sodium propoxide 1-butyl bromide r-butyl propyl cther

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.10P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.10P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.10P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

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Answer 5

Chapter 21, Problem 21.10P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

Answer 6

Chapter 21, Problem 21.10P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

Answer 7

Chapter 21, Problem 21.10P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

A synthesis of the given compound from butanoic acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The α-hydrogen of carbonyl compounds is relatively acidic and can be replaced with a halogen under basis conditions. This reaction is however not possible in case of carboxylic acids because they are not enolizable. Substituting the α-hydrogen of carboxylic acids is possible only in the presence of either elemental phosphorus or phosphorus trihalide. The reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction. The α-halo derivative can then be used to synthesize other derivatives by substitution with appropriate nucleophiles.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.1P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.2P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.3P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.4P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.5P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.6P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.7P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.8P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.9P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.10P

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