Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 20.5, Problem 8LO
Summary Introduction
To discuss: The macroevolutionary significance of adaptive radiation and extinction.
Introduction: Inheritance is the basis of evolution. The study of the evolution of an organism is termed as phylogeny. Evolution is majorly divided into two categories: microevolution (evolution of a population on a small scale) and macroevolution (evolution of all the population on a larger scale).
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Chapter 20 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 20.1 - Describe the biological species concept and list...Ch. 20.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 20.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 20.1 - Prob. 3CCh. 20.2 - Explain the significance of reproductive isolating...Ch. 20.2 - What barriers prevent wood frogs and leopard frogs...Ch. 20.2 - How is temporal isolation different from...Ch. 20.2 - Prob. 3CCh. 20.2 - Of which postzygotic barrier is the mule an...Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 3LO
Ch. 20.3 - Explain the mechanisms of sympatric speciation and...Ch. 20.3 - What are five geographic barriers that might lead...Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 20.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 20.4 - Prob. 5LOCh. 20.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 20.5 - Define macroevolution.Ch. 20.5 - Discuss macroevolution in the context of novel...Ch. 20.5 - Prob. 8LOCh. 20.5 - Why are evolutionary novelties important to...Ch. 20.5 - Prob. 2CCh. 20.5 - Prob. 3CCh. 20.5 - What is the relationship between mass extinction...Ch. 20 - A prezygotic barrier prevents (a) the union of egg...Ch. 20 - The reproductive isolating mechanism in which two...Ch. 20 - Interspecific hybrids, if they survive, are (a)...Ch. 20 - The first step leading to allopatric speciation is...Ch. 20 - The pupfishes in the Death Valley region are an...Ch. 20 - Which of the following evolutionary processes is...Ch. 20 - According to the punctuated equilibrium model, (a)...Ch. 20 - The evolutionary conversion of reptilian scales...Ch. 20 - Adaptive radiation is common following a period of...Ch. 20 - The Hawaiian silverswords are an excellent example...Ch. 20 - VISUALIZE Use two different colors to depict the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 20 - EVOLUTION LINK Could hawthorn and apple maggot...Ch. 20 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 20 - EVOLUTION LINK Examine Figure 20-2c and predict...
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- Which of the following is likely a reason why evolutionary radiation would occur on islands? A) there are many more species on islands B) islands tend to have more favourable habitats than continents because they are moderated by the ocean C) islands may have fewer animal and plant groups and thus provide more ecological opportunities D) organisms can disperse easily across oceans E) islands often have more diverse habitats than continentsarrow_forwardDistinguish between microevolution and macroevolution, and describe some evolutionary processes evident only at the macroevolutionary level.arrow_forwardDistinguish between background extinction and mass extinctions.arrow_forward
- Identify each of the following as an example of MICROEVOLUTION or MACROEVOLUTION.Then，state whether it supports the theory of gradualism or punctured equilibrium.（a） The Cambrian explosion（a period of rapid evolutionary change where many complex organisms evolved）.（b）The evolutionary change of animals and terrestrial plants.（c）beetles with a GREEN sheen are more prevalent than beetles with a BLACK sheen.arrow_forwardIncreases in species diversity arise because of A)increases in the rate of speciation. B)decreases in the rate of extinction. C)higher rates of speciation than extinction. D)All of the above The rates of extinction since the origin of life have followed which pattern? A)Gradual decrease B)Gradual increase C)No change D)Several episodes of mass extinctions, with much lower rates of fluctuating extinctions in between Which of the following statements about the outcome of the evolution of a new species through hybridization is false? A)The new species is always an intermediate of the two parent species. B)The new species may have traits that allow it to inhabit environments different from both parental species. C)The new species may have greater genetic diversity and therefore greater trait diversity than the parental species. D)All of the above How can ecological processes influence the evolution of a population? A)Ecological…arrow_forwardAdaptive radiations can be a direct consequence of three of the following four factors. Select the factor that is NOT a direct consequence of adaptive radiation. Select one: a. Genetic drift b. Vacant ecological niches (niches are environment "space" where a particular organism has resources required to survive and reproduce) c. New evolutionary innovations d. Colonization of a new region that contains suitable habitat and few competitor speciesarrow_forward
- Describe the theories of gradualism and punctuated equilibrium. How can the fossil record support both?arrow_forwardAdaptive radiations will most likely occur in areas where; The climate is the same year round The landscape is mostly homogenous and all of the habitats are similar to each other The landscape has very limited soil nutrients The landscape is highly variable and there are many different habitatsarrow_forwardWhat the difference between background extinction and biological extinction?arrow_forward
- Describe the evidence for the cause of the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) mass extinction.arrow_forwardAdaptive radiation is common following a period of mass extinction, probably because (a) the survivors of a mass extinction are remarkably well adapted to their environment (b) the unchanging environment following a mass extinction drives the evolutionary process (c) many adaptive zones are empty(d) many ecological niches are filled (e) the environment induces changes in the timing of development for many speciesarrow_forwardWhy do island chains provide ideal conditions for adaptive radiation to occur?arrow_forward
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