Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 2, Problem 32E
During a retrograde loop of Mars, would you expect Mars to be brighter than usual in the sky, about average in brightness, or fainter than usual in the sky? Explain.
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 2 - From where on Earth could you observe all of the...Ch. 2 - Give four ways to demonstrate that Earth is...Ch. 2 - Explain, according to both geocentric and...Ch. 2 - In what ways did the work of Copernicus and...Ch. 2 - What were four of Galileo’s discoveries that were...Ch. 2 - Explain the origin of the magnitude designation...Ch. 2 - Ursa Minor contains the pole star, Polaris, and...Ch. 2 - How many degrees does the Sun move per day...Ch. 2 - How many degrees does the Moon move per day...Ch. 2 - Explain how the zodiacal constellations are...
Ch. 2 - The Sun was once thought to be a planet. Explain...Ch. 2 - Is the ecliptic the same thing as the celestial...Ch. 2 - What is an asterism? Can you name an example?Ch. 2 - Why did Pythagoras believe that Earth should be...Ch. 2 - How did Aristotle deduce that the Sun is farther...Ch. 2 - What are two ways in which Aristotle deduced that...Ch. 2 - How did Hipparchus discover the wobble of Earth’s...Ch. 2 - Why did Ptolemy have to introduce multiple circles...Ch. 2 - Why did Copernicus want to develop a completely...Ch. 2 - What two factors made it difficult, at first, for...Ch. 2 - What phases would Venus show if the geocentric...Ch. 2 - Describe a practical way to determine in which...Ch. 2 - What is a constellation as astronomers define it...Ch. 2 - Draw a picture that explains why Venus goes...Ch. 2 - Show with a simple diagram how the lower parts of...Ch. 2 - Parallaxes of stars were not observed by ancient...Ch. 2 - Why do you think so many people still believe in...Ch. 2 - Consider three cosmological perspectives-the...Ch. 2 - The north celestial pole appears at an altitude...Ch. 2 - What were two arguments or lines of evidence in...Ch. 2 - Although the Copernican system was largely correct...Ch. 2 - During a retrograde loop of Mars, would you expect...Ch. 2 - The Great Pyramid of Giza was constructed nearly...Ch. 2 - Explain why more stars are circumpolar for...Ch. 2 - What is the altitude of the north celestial pole...Ch. 2 - If you were to drive to some city south of your...Ch. 2 - Hipparchus could have warned us that the dates...Ch. 2 - Explain three lines of evidence that argue against...Ch. 2 - What did Galileo discover about the planet Jupiter...Ch. 2 - What did Galileo discover about Venus that cast...Ch. 2 - Suppose Eratosthenes had found that, in...Ch. 2 - Suppose Eratosthenes’ results for Earth’s...Ch. 2 - Suppose you are on a strange planet and observe,...
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- If you lived on Mars, which planets would exhibit retrograde motion like that observed for Mars from Earth? Which would never be visible as crescent phases?arrow_forwardIf you lived on Mars, which planets would describe retrograde loops? Which would never be visible as crescent phases?arrow_forwardToday at the beach you see the highest of all high tides during the last month. You see the Moon in the daytime sky. What is the most likely Moon phase? Why?arrow_forward
- Like all planets, the planet Venus orbits the Sun in periodic motion and simultaneously spins about its axis. Just as on Earth, the time to make one complete orbit (i.e., the period of orbit) is what defines a year. And the time to make one complete revolution about its axis (i.e., the period of rotation) is what defines a day. The period of orbit for the Earth is 365.25 days and the period of rotation is 24 hours (1.00 day). But when these same values for Venus are expressed relative to Earth, it is found that Venus has a period of orbit of 225 days and a period of rotation of 243 days. So for Venus inhabitants, a day would last longer than a year! Determine the frequency of orbit and the frequency of rotation (in Hertz) on Venus.arrow_forwardAt its nearest approach, Venus comes within about 40 million km of Earth and the semi-major axis of the ellipse which is Venus' orbit is 1.08 × 108 km. *How distant is Venus at its farthest in km?arrow_forwardHow does the rotation of Earth affect the apparent weight of a 1 kg mass at the equator? Does this effect on the apparent weight happen everywhere on Earth's surface? Justify your answers.arrow_forward
- While the Earth spins around its axis and orbits around the sun, then suppose we remove the sun from its location, will Earth continue to spin around its axis and orbits around the point where the sun used to be? Why or why not?arrow_forwardHow will you determine the distance of Mars from Earth?arrow_forwardMany spacecraft have visited Mars over the years. Mars is smaller than Earth and has correspondingly weaker surface gravity. On Mars, the free-fall acceleration is only 3.8 m/s2. What is the orbital period of a spacecraft in a low orbit near the surface of Mars?arrow_forward
- Eccentricity for Mars is 094 and semi major axis "a" is 227,9 10" Km; Calculate the perihelion and aphelion distances.arrow_forwardCalculate the maximum and minimum possible distances between Earth and Mars (hint: you need to calculate perihelion and aphelion distance for both planets).arrow_forwardA projectile is fired straight upward from planet's surface with a speed that is 1/7 the planet's escape speed. Let R be the radius of the planet. What is the highest distance from the center of the planet in units of R the projectile will reach? Give your answer to three significant figures.arrow_forward
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