Chemistry
Chemistry
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393919370
Author: Thomas R. Gilbert
Publisher: NORTON
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Chapter 2, Problem 2.24QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The number of neutrons present in each of the given isotopes.

Interpretation: The number of neutrons present in each of the given isotopes is to be calculated.

Concept introduction: Natural abundance is the proportion of a particular isotope relative to all the isotopes of that element in a natural sample.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 2.24QP

Number of neutrons in 84Sr is 46.

Number of neutrons in 86Sr is 48.

Number of neutrons in 87Sr is 49.

Number of neutrons in 88Sr is 50.

Explanation of Solution

Strontium has four isotopes: 84Sr, 86Sr, 87Sr and 88Sr.

Number of neutrons in 84Sr is calculated by the formula,

Neutrons=MassnumberAtomicnumber

Mass number of 84Sr is 84.

Atomic number of strontium is 38.

Substitute the value of mass number and atomic number in the above equation.

Neutrons=MassnumberAtomicnumber=8438=46

Number of neutrons in 86Sr is calculated by the formula,

Neutrons=MassnumberAtomicnumber

Mass number of 86Sr is 86.

Atomic number of strontium is 38.

Substitute the value of mass number and atomic number in the above equation.

Neutrons=MassnumberAtomicnumber=8638=48

Number of neutrons in 87Sr is calculated by the formula,

Neutrons=MassnumberAtomicnumber

Mass number of 87Sr is 87.

Atomic number of strontium is 38.

Substitute the value of mass number and atomic number in the above equation.

Neutrons=MassnumberAtomicnumber=8738=49

Number of neutrons in 88Sr is calculated by the formula,

Neutrons=MassnumberAtomicnumber

Mass number of 88Sr is 88.

Atomic number of strontium is 38.

Substitute the value of mass number and atomic number in the above equation.

Neutrons=MassnumberAtomicnumber=8838=50

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The average atomic mass of strontium and the comparison of it to the value in the periodic table on the inside front cover.

Interpretation: The average atomic mass of strontium is to be calculated and the comparison of it to the value in the periodic table on the inside front cover is to be done.

Concept introduction: The average atomic mass of an element is the weighted average mass of all the isotopes of that element. The average atomic mass of an element ( m) is calculated by the formula,

m=a1m1+a2m2

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 2.24QP

The average atomic mass of strontium is 87.6161amu_ and it is approximately equal to the value in the periodic table on the inside front cover.

Explanation of Solution

The average atomic mass of strontium ( m) is calculated by the formula,

m=a1m1+a2m2+a3m3+a4m4 (1)

Where,

  • m1 is the atomic mass of 84Sr.
  • m2 is the atomic mass of 86Sr.
  • m3 is the atomic mass of 87Sr.
  • m4 is the atomic mass of 88Sr.
  • a1 is the natural abundance of 84Sr.
  • a2 is the natural abundance of 86Sr.
  • a3 is the natural abundance of 87Sr.
  • a4 is the natural abundance of 88Sr.

The natural abundance of 84Sr is,

0.56%84Sr=0.56100=0.0056

The natural abundance of 86Sr is,

9.86%86Sr=9.86100=0.0986

The natural abundance of 87Sr is,

7.00%87Sr=7.00100=0.07

The natural abundance of 88Sr is,

82.58%88Sr=82.58100=0.8258

The atomic mass of 84Sr is 83.9134amu, the atomic mass of 86Sr is 85.9094amu, the atomic mass of 87Sr is 86.9089amu and the atomic mass of 88Sr is 87.9056amu.

Substitute the value of m1, m2, m3, m4, a1, a2, a3 and a2 in equation (1).

m=a1m1+a2m2+a3m3+a4m4=((0.0056×83.9134amu)+(0.0986×85.9094amu)+(0.07×86.9089amu)+(0.8258×87.9056amu))=0.4699amu+8.4706amu+6.0836amu+72.592amu=87.6161amu_

Therefore, the average atomic mass of strontium is 87.6161amu_ and it is approximately equal to the value in the periodic table on the inside front cover.

Conclusion
  1. a. Number of neutrons in 84Sr, 86Sr, 87Sr and 88Sr are 46, 48, 49 and 50 respectively.
  2. b. The average atomic mass of strontium is 87.6161amu_.

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Chapter 2 Solutions

Chemistry

Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.3VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.4VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.5VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.6VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.7VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.8VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.9QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.10QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.11QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.12QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.13QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.14QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.15QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.16QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.17QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.18QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.19QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.20QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.21QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.22QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.23QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.24QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.25QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.26QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.27QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.28QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.29QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.30QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.31QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.32QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.33QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.34QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.35QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.36QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.38QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.39QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.40QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.41QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.42QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.43QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.44QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.45QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.46QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.47QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.48QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.49QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.50QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.51QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.52QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.53QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.54QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.55QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.56QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.57QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.58QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.59QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.60QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.61QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.62QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.63QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.64QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.65QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.66QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.67QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.68QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.69QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.70QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.71QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.72QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.73QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.74QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.75QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.76QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.77QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.78QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.79QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.80QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.81QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.82QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.83QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.84QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.85QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.86QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.87QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.88QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.89QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.90QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.91QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.92QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.93QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.94QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.95QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.96QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.97QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.98QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.99QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.100QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.101QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.102QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.103QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.104APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.105APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.106APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.107APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.108APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.109APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.110APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.111APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.112APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.113APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.114APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.115APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.116APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.117APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.118APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.119APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.120APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.121APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.122APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.123APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.125APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.126APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.127AP
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