Principles of Chemistry: A Molecular Approach (3rd Edition)
Principles of Chemistry: A Molecular Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321971944
Author: Nivaldo J. Tro
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 2, Problem 2.1P
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: If the given samples of carbon monoxide are consistent with law of definite proportions or not should be determined.

Concept introduction: The law of definite proportion states that, all the samples of a given compound, regardless of how they are prepared, have same proportion of their constituents.

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Answer to Problem 2.1P

Solution: Decomposition of both the samples of carbon monoxide is consistent with the law of definite proportions.

Explanation of Solution

Given information: The amount of oxygen produced on decomposition of sample 1 of COis 17.2g .

The amount of carbon produced on decomposition of sample 1 of COis 12.9g .

The amount of oxygen produced on decomposition of sample 2 of is CO

10.5g .

The amount of carbon produced on decomposition of sample 2 of COis 7.88g .

The molecular formula of carbon monoxide is CO thus, carbon and oxygen are present in 1:1 ratio by moles.

To determine if the given samples are consistent with law of definite proportion, the number of moles of C and O in each sample should be calculated. The ratio of C:O should be 1:1.

Sample 1: Mass of carbon is 12.9 g and molar mass of carbon is 12.0 g/mol, the number of moles of carbon can be calculated as follows:

  nC=mM

Putting the values,

  nC=12.9 g12.0 g/mol=1.075 mol

Similarly, mass of oxygen is 17.2 g and molar mass of oxygen is 16.0 g/mol, the number of moles of oxygen can be calculated as follows:

  nO=17.2 g16.0 g/mol=1.075 mol

Now, the ratio of number of moles of C and O will be:

  nCnO=1.0751.075=1

Thus, the ratio is 1:1.

Sample 2: Mass of carbon is 7.88 g and molar mass of carbon is 12.0 g/mol, the number of moles of carbon can be calculated as follows:

  nC=mM

Putting the values,

  nC=7.88 g12.0 g/mol=0.656 mol

Similarly, mass of oxygen is 10.5 g and molar mass of oxygen is 16.0 g/mol, the number of moles of oxygen can be calculated as follows:

  nO=10.5 g16.0 g/mol=0.656 mol

Now, the ratio of number of moles of C and O will be:

  nCnO=0.6560.656=1

Thus, the ratio is 1:1.

Now, the mole ratios are same for the two given samples of carbon monoxide. So, the results are consistent with law of definite proportions.

Conclusion

The decomposition of both the samples of carbon monoxide is consistent with the law of definite proportions.

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Chapter 2 Solutions

Principles of Chemistry: A Molecular Approach (3rd Edition)

Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.8MPCh. 2 - For Practice 2.9 A titanium cube contains atoms....Ch. 2 - For More Practice 2.9 Find the number of atoms in...Ch. 2 - Prob. 1SAQCh. 2 - Prob. 2SAQCh. 2 - Q3. Which idea came out of Rutherford’s gold foil...Ch. 2 - A student re-creates the Millikan oil drop...Ch. 2 - Determine the number of protons and neutrons in...Ch. 2 - Prob. 6SAQCh. 2 - Prob. 7SAQCh. 2 - Prob. 8SAQCh. 2 - Prob. 9SAQCh. 2 - Prob. 10SAQCh. 2 - Prob. 11SAQCh. 2 - Prob. 12SAQCh. 2 - Determine the number of atoms in 1.85 mL of...Ch. 2 - A 20.0 g sample of an element contains 4.951023...Ch. 2 - 1. A hydrogen-filled balloon is ignited, and 1.50...Ch. 2 - 2. An automobile gasoline tank holds 21 kg of...Ch. 2 - 3. Two samples of carbon tetrachloride are...Ch. 2 - Prob. 4ECh. 2 - The mass ratio of sodium to fluorine in sodium...Ch. 2 - 6. Upon decomposition, one sample of magnesium...Ch. 2 - 7. Two different compounds containing and oxygen...Ch. 2 - 8. Palladium forms three different compounds with...Ch. 2 - Sulfur and oxygen form both sulfur dioxide and...Ch. 2 - 10. Sulfur and fluorine form several different...Ch. 2 - 11. Which statements are consistent with Dalton’s...Ch. 2 - Which statements are inconsistent with Dalton’s...Ch. 2 - 13. Which statements are consistent with...Ch. 2 - 14. Which statements are inconsistent with...Ch. 2 - A chemist in an imaginary universe, where...Ch. 2 - 16. Imagine a unit of charge called the zorg. A...Ch. 2 - Prob. 17ECh. 2 - 18. How many electrons does it take to equal the...Ch. 2 - Which statements about subatomic particles are...Ch. 2 - 20. Which statements about subatomic particles are...Ch. 2 - Write isotopic symbols of the form AZX for each...Ch. 2 - 22. Write isotopic symbols of the form X-A (e.g.,...Ch. 2 - 23. Determine the number of protons and the number...Ch. 2 - Determine the number of protons and the number of...Ch. 2 - 25. The amount of carbon-14 in artifacts and...Ch. 2 - Urarium-235 is used in nuclear fission. Determine...Ch. 2 - 27. Determine the number of protons and the number...Ch. 2 - Prob. 28ECh. 2 - Prob. 29ECh. 2 - Prob. 30ECh. 2 - Prob. 31ECh. 2 - Prob. 32ECh. 2 - Prob. 33ECh. 2 - Prob. 34ECh. 2 - Prob. 35ECh. 2 - Determine whether or not each element is a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 37ECh. 2 - Prob. 38ECh. 2 - Prob. 39ECh. 2 - Prob. 40ECh. 2 - Prob. 41ECh. 2 - Prob. 42ECh. 2 - Prob. 43ECh. 2 - Prob. 44ECh. 2 - Prob. 45ECh. 2 - Prob. 46ECh. 2 - Prob. 47ECh. 2 - Prob. 48ECh. 2 - Prob. 49ECh. 2 - What is the mass of 9.711022 platinum atoms?Ch. 2 - Prob. 51ECh. 2 - Prob. 52ECh. 2 - Prob. 53ECh. 2 - Prob. 54ECh. 2 - Prob. 55ECh. 2 - Prob. 56ECh. 2 - A 7.3 g sample of HCN contains 0.290 g of H and...Ch. 2 - Prob. 58ECh. 2 - Prob. 59ECh. 2 - Prob. 60ECh. 2 - An a particle, 4He2+, has a mass of 4.00151 amu....Ch. 2 - Prob. 62ECh. 2 - Nuclei with the same number of neutrons but...Ch. 2 - Prob. 64ECh. 2 - Prob. 65ECh. 2 - Prob. 66ECh. 2 - Prob. 67ECh. 2 - Prob. 68ECh. 2 - Prob. 69ECh. 2 - Prob. 70ECh. 2 - Prob. 71ECh. 2 - Prob. 72ECh. 2 - Prob. 73ECh. 2 - Prob. 74ECh. 2 - Prob. 75ECh. 2 - Boron has only two naturally occurring isotopes....Ch. 2 - Prob. 77ECh. 2 - Prob. 78ECh. 2 - Prob. 79ECh. 2 - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)...Ch. 2 - Prob. 81ECh. 2 - Prob. 82ECh. 2 - Prob. 83ECh. 2 - Prob. 84ECh. 2 - Prob. 85ECh. 2 - Prob. 86ECh. 2 - 87. The ratio of the mass of O to the mass of N in...Ch. 2 - Prob. 88ECh. 2 - Prob. 89ECh. 2 - Suppose that one of Millikan’s oil drops had a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 91ECh. 2 - 92. As we say in the previous problem, lithium has...Ch. 2 - Prob. 93ECh. 2 - Prob. 94ECh. 2 - The atomic radii of the isotopes of an element are...
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