Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305073951
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 19, Problem 4DAA
Summary Introduction
To explain: The reason for the rise in CO2 at the far right of the graph.
Concept introduction: Carbon dioxide is a colorless gas that consists of a carbon atom, which is covalently double-bonded to two oxygen atoms. It is an important trace of the Earth’s atmosphere. The concentrations of the carbon dioxide and oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere have varied during the early period to the present day.
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Chapter 19 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 19 - According to the big bang theory, _______. a. the...Ch. 19 - An abundance of _______ in Earth's early...Ch. 19 - The Changing Earth Studies of ancient rocks and...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2DAACh. 19 - Prob. 3DAACh. 19 - Prob. 4DAACh. 19 - Stanley Millers experiment demonstrated...Ch. 19 - According to one hypothesis, negatively charged...Ch. 19 - The prevalence of _______ in living organisms is...Ch. 19 - Prob. 6SQ
Ch. 19 - Among prokaryotes, only the cyanobacteria _______....Ch. 19 - The evolution of _____ resulted in an increase in...Ch. 19 - Bacteria that cause the disease typhus arc close...Ch. 19 - Infoldings of the plasma membrane into the...Ch. 19 - Prob. 11SQCh. 19 - A stromatolite is a structure __________. a....Ch. 19 - Prob. 13SQCh. 19 - Evidence that Mars __________ suggests that it may...Ch. 19 - Chronologically arrange the evolutionary events,...Ch. 19 - Researchers looking for fossils or the earliest...Ch. 19 - The astronomer Carl Sagan once said, "We are made...Ch. 19 - How did the evolution of oxygen-releasing...
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- Do you think that the average annual global temperature and carbon dioxide levels have been consistent throughout the history of earth? Please justifyarrow_forwardCompare the changes in Earth's past and present atmosphere Earth's early atmosphere Earth's atmosphere today Traces of nitrogen, ammonia, methane Traces of carbon dioxide, water vapour, ammonia, methane 4% water vapour 21% oxygen 95% 78% carbon dioxide nitrogen Average surface temperature above 400°C Average surface temperature 20 °Carrow_forwardWhich of the following accurately describes the Hadeon Eon? Earth during the Hadeon Eon closely resembled the earth of today. Earth was extremely hot and molten in nature during the Hadeon Eon. Earth contains an oxygen-rich atmosphere that allows photosynthetic organisms to flourish. Life first appeared on Earth during the Hadeon Eon.arrow_forward
- In Stanley Miller’s experiment to recreate the early Earth conditions that gave rise to life, describe which part of the experimental instruments mimicked the ocean, the atmosphere, rain, and lightning.arrow_forward(A) What is extinction? How extinction is different from expiration? Explain. (B)List the five mass extinction episodes occurred in the history of Earth. Characterize the nature and extent of each extinction episode.arrow_forwardLife originated from the earth’s inorganic atmosphere in the post, but this no longer happens today. Give two reasons?arrow_forward
- What evidence did Lord Kelvin and Charles Darwin each use to support their conclusions about the age of the Earth? Kelvin's evidence Darwin's evidence Answer Bank Water bodies accumulate sediment in a predictable manner, and the rate of accumulation is measurable. The temperature of rocks in mine shafts shows how long the solid Earth has been cooling. Counting sedimentary rock layers in geologic formations gives an estimate of the rocks' ages. Heat moves through a solid, such as rock, at a predictable and measurable rate as the solid cools.arrow_forwardOzone in the upper atmosphere is depleted when it reacts with nitrogen oxides. The rates of the reactions of nitrogen oxides with ozone are important factors in deciding how significant these reactions are in the formation of the ozone hole over Antarctica as shown. One such reaction is the combination of nitric oxide, NO, with ozone, O3:arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about atmospheric carbon dioxide levels is correct? For about 800,000 years prior to human influence it varied between 180 and 300 ppm and is now above 410 ppm. For about 800,000 years prior to human influence it never exceeded 200 ppm. Its rate of increase in the past century is greater than any seen in the ice core record. Both 1 & 3arrow_forward
- 4.11arrow_forwardChanges in the Air To assess the impact of human activity on the carbon dioxide level in Earth's atmosphere, it helps to take a long view. One useful data set comes from deep core samples of Antarctic ice. The oldest ice core that has been fully analyzed dates back a bit more than 400,000 years. Air bubbles trapped in the ice provide information about the gas content in Earth's atmosphere at the time the ice formed. Combining ice core data with more recent direct measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxideas in FIGURE 46.20can help scientists put current changes in the atmospheric carbon dioxide into historical perspective. FIGURE 46.20 Changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels (in parts per million). Direct measurements began in 1980. Earlier data are based on ice cores. The industrial revolution occurred around 1800. What was the trend in carbon dioxide level in the 800 years prior to this event? What about in the 175 years after it?arrow_forwardChanges in the Air To assess the impact of human activity on the carbon dioxide level in Earth's atmosphere, it helps to take a long view. One useful data set comes from deep core samples of Antarctic ice. The oldest ice core that has been fully analyzed dates back a bit more than 400,000 years. Air bubbles trapped in the ice provide information about the gas content in Earth's atmosphere at the time the ice formed. Combining ice core data with more recent direct measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxideas in FIGURE 46.20can help scientists put current changes in the atmospheric carbon dioxide into historical perspective. FIGURE 46.20 Changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels (in parts per million). Direct measurements began in 1980. Earlier data are based on ice cores. 4. Was the rise in the carbon dioxide level between 1800 and 1975 larger or smaller than the rise between 1980 and 2013?arrow_forward
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