Pearson eText Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780136874089
Author: Frederic Martini, Judi Nath
Publisher: PEARSON+
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Chapter 19, Problem 22RQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
There are four types of blood groups in humans, namely; A, B, AB and O. and these four blood types are either Rh+ or Rh-
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An individual demonstrates antibodies (A) and antibodies (B) in their blood. Their blood type would be which of the following?
(A) AB+
(B) AB-
(C) AB ? (presence/absence of Rh factor undetermined)
(D) O+
(E) O-
(F) O ? (presence/absence of Rh factor undetermined)
How is Rh incompatibility involved in hemolytic disease of the newborn? Is the mother Rh+ or Rh-? Is the fetus Rh+ or Rh-? Why is a second child that is Rh+ more susceptible to attack from the mother’s immune system.
Hemolytic disease of the newborn can result if, (a) the mother is Rh-positive and the father is Rh-negative. (b) both the father and the mother are Rh-negative. (c) both the father and the mother are Rh-positive. (d) an Rh-negative woman carries an Rh-positive fetus.
Chapter 19 Solutions
Pearson eText Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Ch. 19 - List five major functions of blood.Ch. 19 - Identify the three types of formed elements in...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3CPCh. 19 - What would be the effects of a decrease in the...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5CPCh. 19 - Prob. 6CPCh. 19 - Prob. 7CPCh. 19 - How would liver disease affect the level of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 9CPCh. 19 - Prob. 10CP
Ch. 19 - Prob. 11CPCh. 19 - Prob. 12CPCh. 19 - Prob. 13CPCh. 19 - Prob. 14CPCh. 19 - Prob. 15CPCh. 19 - Prob. 16CPCh. 19 - List the three primary functions of platelets.Ch. 19 - Prob. 18CPCh. 19 - Prob. 19CPCh. 19 - Prob. 20CPCh. 19 - Prob. 1RQCh. 19 - The formed elements of the blood include (a)...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3RQCh. 19 - Prob. 4RQCh. 19 - Prob. 5RQCh. 19 - Prob. 6RQCh. 19 - Prob. 7RQCh. 19 - Stem cells responsible for lymphocytopoiesis are...Ch. 19 - ______ and _______ affect almost every aspect of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 10RQCh. 19 - Prob. 11RQCh. 19 - Prob. 12RQCh. 19 - Prob. 13RQCh. 19 - Prob. 14RQCh. 19 - Prob. 15RQCh. 19 - Prob. 16RQCh. 19 - Prob. 17RQCh. 19 - Prob. 18RQCh. 19 - Prob. 19RQCh. 19 - Prob. 20RQCh. 19 - Prob. 21RQCh. 19 - Prob. 22RQCh. 19 - Prob. 23RQCh. 19 - Prob. 24RQCh. 19 - Prob. 25RQCh. 19 - Relate the structure of hemoglobin to its...Ch. 19 - Prob. 27RQCh. 19 - Prob. 28RQCh. 19 - Prob. 29RQCh. 19 - Prob. 30RQCh. 19 - Prob. 31RQCh. 19 - Prob. 1CCCh. 19 - Prob. 2CC
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- If a person is given a transfusion with the wrong blood type, what mechanism of action is responsible for the reaction seen in the body? O 1) IgE binds to mast cells releasing cytokines 2) Antigen-antibody complexes (IgG, IgM and IgA) lodge in basement membranes of tissues, neutrophil degranulation damages the tissues O 3) T cells respond to the inappropriate cells 4) IgG and IgM bind to cells stimulating complement, triggering cell lysisarrow_forwardA person with type A+ blood gets a transfusion with type O- blood. What is most likely to happen to the recipient? A) The recipient's blood will agglutinate (clump) due to the presence of natural antibodies in the recipient's blood. B) Nothing because the donor's blood is compatible with the recipient's blood. C) The recipient's blood will agglutinate (clump) due to the presence of natural antigens on the recipient's blood cells.arrow_forwardHow are the antibodiesagainst the Rh factor formed?arrow_forward
- Even though instances of fetal, maternal ABO, incompatibility are common, severe hemolytic disease due to ABO incompatibility is rare. Which of the following best explains this difference? A) ABO incompatibility causes extensive extra medullary hematopoiesis B) antibodies against ABO antigens do not bind complement C) the maternal immune system is tolerant to ABO ANTIGENS D) most anti- A or anti- B antibodies are of IgM type and do not cross the placenta E) the presence of concurrent Rh incompatibility decreases the immunogenicity of erythrocytesarrow_forward(38) Following a rattle snake bite, a patient is injected with horse anti-rattlesnake venom serum. Ten days later he has general weakness, headaches, muscular and joint pains, and dark urine. Laboratory studies show proteinuria. Serum concentrations of immunoglobulins are within the reference range, but serum C3 and C4 concentrations are decreased. Which of the following is the most likely pathological process? (A) Anaphylactic Reaction (B) Delayed Hypersensitivity to horse protei (C) Formation of antigen-antibody complexes containing horse proteins and human immunoglobulin (D) Formsation of antigen-antibody complexes containing snake venom proteins and a horse antibody (E) Systemic reaction to snake venomarrow_forwardUnder what conditions might a person with Rh- blood develop Rh antibodies? Why can Rh+ blood be given only once to a non-sensitized person who is Rh-?arrow_forward
- 39 A 40-year-old man participating in a study of high altitude for 2 weeks shows an increase in hematocrit from his usual 40% to 50% when at sea level Which of the following organs has the greatest involvement in stimulating this increase? A) Brain OB) Kidney C) Liver D) Lung OE) Spleenarrow_forwardWhat is meant by the “window” regarding antibody presence in the blood?arrow_forwardSelect the best answer or answers from the choices given: Suppose your blood is AB positive. This means that (a) agglutinogens A and B are present on your red blood cells, (b) there are no anti-A or anti-B antodies in your plasma, c) your blood is Rh+ (d) all of the above.arrow_forward
- Why is it that Rh incompatibility can be a serious problem when anRh-negative mother is carrying an Rh-positive fetus, but ABOincompatibility between mother and fetus is usually no problem?That is, a type A mother can usually safely carry a type B fetus.(Hint: The antibodies produced by an Rh-negative mother againstthe Rh antigen are usually IgG, whereas the antibodies producedagainst the A or B antigens are IgM.) Because the Rh antigenobviously serves no vital function (most humans lack it), why do youthink it hasn’t been completely eliminated during human evolution?arrow_forwardOutline the typical immunophenotypic features of peripheral B cells in: (i) X-linked Agammaglobulinaemia. (ii) CD40L (CD154) deficiency.arrow_forward1. The laboratory scientist who reviews the marrow reports that the bone marrow is overridden with plasma cells—so much so that clusters of plasma cells can be seen. What is the function of plasma cells? Explain with no more than 3-6 sentences. A). To present foreign antigens to immune cells B). To directly attack foreign cells when foreign antigens are recognized. C). To phagocytize cells with foreign antigens. D). To produce immunoglobulins specific to foreign antigens presented by T helper cells. 2. Immunoglobulins are made mainly of what substance? Explain. A). Carbohydrate B). Lipid C). Proteinarrow_forward
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