Chapter 19, Problem 19.128P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Concentration of each species that is present like $\left[HClO\right]$, $\left[Cl{O}^{-}\right]$, $\left[H_3{O}^{+}\right]$, $\left[O{H}^{-}\right]$, $\left[N{a}^{+}\right]$ has to be determined. 

Concept Introduction:

Dissociation constant of acid:

An acid dissociation constant, $K_a$ quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution.  It is the equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction known as dissociation in the context of acid–base reactions. 

The chemical equation for acid dissociation can be written symbolically as:

$HA\rightleftarrows A^{-}+H^{+}$

The acid dissociation constant can be presented as:

$K_a=\frac{\left[A^{-}\right]\left[H^{+}\right]}{\left[HA\right]}$

Concentration:

$Concentration=\frac{No.ofmoles}{Volumeofsolution}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The $pH$ of the solution has to be calculated. 

Concept Introduction:

$\text{pH}\text{=}\text{-log}\left[{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}\right]$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The $pH$ after adding $0.0050molofHCl$ to the flask has to be determined. 

Concept Introduction:

$\text{pH}\text{=}-\text{log}\left[{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}\right]$