Foundations of Astronomy, Enhanced
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781305980686
Author: Michael A. Seeds; Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Chapter 18, Problem 9P
To determine
The change in diagram for Hubble constant of
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If the value of the Hubble's constant were found to be 60 km/s/Mpc, what would the Hubble time be?
If a galaxy is 8.8 Mpc away from Earth and recedes at 498 km/s, what is H0 (in km/s/Mpc)?
_______ km/s/Mpc
What is the Hubble time (in yr)?
_______ yr
How would acceleration change your answer?
A: If the expansion of the Universe has been accelerating, the Universe could be substantially younger than the value entered above.
B: If the expansion of the Universe has been accelerating, the Universe could be substantially older than the value entered above.
Explain how the Hubble constant, H0, can be used to make an estimate for the age of the Universe. Use the value of H0 = 0.07×103 kms-1/Mpc to estimate the Universe’s age. Comment on the significance of your answer.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Foundations of Astronomy, Enhanced
Ch. 18 - Is cosmology the study of the Universe, the...Ch. 18 - Is a cosmologist an astronomer? Is an astronomer a...Ch. 18 - How does the darkness of the night sky tell you...Ch. 18 - Explain the differences among the observable...Ch. 18 - Prob. 5RQCh. 18 - Prob. 6RQCh. 18 - Prob. 7RQCh. 18 - Prob. 8RQCh. 18 - Prob. 9RQCh. 18 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 18 - Prob. 11RQCh. 18 - If you accept the cosmological principle, how can...Ch. 18 - Why cant an open universe have a center? How can a...Ch. 18 - In which type of model universe is space-time...Ch. 18 - In which type of model universe is space-time...Ch. 18 - What is the fate of a closed universe? In what...Ch. 18 - In which model universe does the average density...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18RQCh. 18 - What evidence shows that the Universe is...Ch. 18 - Why couldnt atomic nuclei exist when the Universe...Ch. 18 - Why are measurements of the current density of the...Ch. 18 - What percentage of matter is ordinary matter? What...Ch. 18 - How does the inflationary universe hypothesis...Ch. 18 - Prob. 24RQCh. 18 - What is the evidence that the Universe was...Ch. 18 - Prob. 26RQCh. 18 - If the Universe is negatively curved, and dark...Ch. 18 - What is the difference between hot dark matter and...Ch. 18 - Prob. 29RQCh. 18 - What evidence can you cite that the Universe's...Ch. 18 - Prob. 31RQCh. 18 - Reasoning by analogy often helps make complicated...Ch. 18 - Prob. 33RQCh. 18 - Prob. 1DQCh. 18 - Prob. 2DQCh. 18 - Prob. 3DQCh. 18 - Prob. 1PCh. 18 - Prob. 2PCh. 18 - Prob. 3PCh. 18 - Measure the lengths of the two arrows in the left...Ch. 18 - Prob. 5PCh. 18 - Prob. 6PCh. 18 - Find the wavelength of maximum intensity of the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 8PCh. 18 - Prob. 9PCh. 18 - Prob. 10PCh. 18 - Prob. 11PCh. 18 - Prob. 12PCh. 18 - Prob. 1LTLCh. 18 - Prob. 2LTLCh. 18 - Prob. 3LTLCh. 18 - Prob. 4LTLCh. 18 - Prob. 5LTLCh. 18 - Prob. 6LTL
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- The best parallaxes obtained with Hipparcos have an accuracy of 0.001 arcsec. If you want to measure the distance to a star with an accuracy of 10%, its parallax must be 10 times larger than the typical error. How far away can you obtain a distance that is accurate to 10% with Hipparcos data? The disk of our Galaxy is 100,000 light-years in diameter. What fraction of the diameter of the Galaxy’s disk is the distance for which we can measure accurate parallaxes?arrow_forwardA Type la supernova explodes in a galaxy at a distance of 6.10×107 light-years from Earth. If astronomers detect the light from the supernova today, how many years T have passed since the supernova exploded? T= 2.07 x10 -5 years Given a Hubble constant of 74.3 km/s/Mpc, at what speed v is this galaxy moving away from Earth? v= km/s What is this galaxy's redshift? redshift:arrow_forwardCalculate the age of the universe if the Hubble constant were 65 km/s/Mpc.arrow_forward
- What would be the Hubble constant if the universe were 18 billion years old?arrow_forwardIf a galaxy is 8.9 Mpc away from Earth and recedes at 510 km/s, what is H0 (in km/s/Mpc)?arrow_forwardThe figure below is based on an assumed Hubble constant of 70 km/s/Mpc. How would you change the diagram to fit a Hubble constant of 50 km/s/Mpc? If the evolution of the universe were determined only by gravity, then its fate would be linked to its geometry. Open Negligible normal matter Flat Closed 14 9.5 Past Future Time Billion years ago Now The slope of the "negligible normal matter" line would be ---Select--- C and cross the time axis ---Select--- O than 14 billion years ago. The curved line separating the open and closed universe regions would cross the time axis O than 9.5 billion years ago. ---Select--- Scale of the universe, R © Cengage Learning 2013arrow_forward
- The Hubble constant is (approximately) 70 kilometers per second per megaparsec. At approximately how far in the future, will the scale-factor be 1% larger than it is today?arrow_forwardCalculate the age of the universe for the following Hubble's constant, (a) 30 km/s/Mpcarrow_forwardWhat is the distance in parsec to pulsar 0628-28 using 400 and 600 MHz frequencies? The dispersion measure is 124.5.arrow_forward
- Pretend that galaxies are spaced evenly, 7.0 Mpc apart, and the average mass of a galaxy is 1.0 ✕ 1011 M. What is the average density (in kg/m3) of matter in the universe? (Note: The volume of a sphere is 4/3pieR^3 and the mass of the sun is 2.0 ✕ 1030 kg.) ______ kg/m^3 Which model universe does this density value support? A: open B: flat C: closedarrow_forwardThere is still some uncertainty in the Hubble constant. Current estimates range from about 19.9 km/s per million light years to 23 km/s per million light-years. Assume that the Hubble constant has been constant since the Big Bang.arrow_forward1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 Cosmic background data from COBE 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.5 10 Wavelength A in mm c) Background (CMB) undertaken by the COBE satellite. Use this diagram to estimate the current temperature of the CMB. Based on your estimate, what would the temperature of the CMB have been at a redshift of z = 5000? The left hand diagram above shows the results from observations of the Cosmic Microwave Radiated Intensity per Unit Wavelength (16° Watts/m per mm)arrow_forward
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