EBK ESSENTIAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780100659469
Author: Bruice
Publisher: YUZU
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 18, Problem 45P
When transaminated, the three branched-chain amino acids (valine, leucine, and isoleucine) form compounds that have the characteristic odor of maple syrup. An enzyme known as branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase converts these compounds into their urine smells like maple syrup.
- a. Draw the compounds that smell like maple syrup.
- b. Draw the CoA esters.
- c. Branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase has five coenzymes. Identify them.
- d. Suggest a way to treat maple syrup urine disease.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
***In determining glucose concentration using a glucometer, the test involves an enzymatic reaction. What is the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of glucose to gluconolactone?
a. Glucose oxidase
b. Glucose reductase
c. Glucose synthetase
d. Glucose peroxidase
Refer to the structure
1. The metabolic pathway is an example of
a. Oxidative dealkylation
b. Reduction
c. Oxidative deamination
d. Hydrolysis
2. This pathway is true for what kind of drugs
a. Endogenous amides
b. Endogenous amines
c. Radical species
d. Endogenous amino acids
9. An example of an isoenzyme used for clinical diagnosis is
a. lactate dehydrogenase
b. creatine kinase
Oc. lipase
d. more than one choice is correct
Chapter 18 Solutions
EBK ESSENTIAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 1PCh. 18.2 - If H218O were used to hydrolyze lysozyme, which...Ch. 18.3 - Which of the following amino acid side chains can...Ch. 18.3 - Arginine and lysine side chains fit into trypsins...Ch. 18.4 - Which of the following amino acid side chains can...Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 6PCh. 18.5 - Prob. 7PCh. 18.5 - Draw the mechanism for the hydroxide-ion-catalyzed...Ch. 18.5 - What advantage does the enzyme gain by forming an...Ch. 18.7 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 18.7 - Prob. 11PCh. 18.8 - How many conjugated double bonds are there in a....Ch. 18.8 - Instead of adding to the 4a-position and...Ch. 18.8 - In succinate dehydrogenase, FAD is covalently...Ch. 18.8 - Prob. 15PCh. 18.9 - Acetolactate synthase is another TPP-requiring...Ch. 18.9 - Acetolactate synthase can also transfer the acyl...Ch. 18.9 - Prob. 18PCh. 18.9 - Prob. 19PCh. 18.10 - Prob. 21PCh. 18.11 - Prob. 23PCh. 18.11 - Which compound is more easily decarboxylated?Ch. 18.11 - Explain why the ability of PLP to catalyze an...Ch. 18.11 - Explain why the ability of PLP to catalyze an...Ch. 18.12 - What groups are interchanged in the following...Ch. 18.13 - Why is the coenzyme called tetrahydrofolate?Ch. 18.13 - What amino acid is formed by the following...Ch. 18.13 - How do the structures of tetrahydrofolate and...Ch. 18.13 - What is the source of the methyl group in...Ch. 18 - Prob. 32PCh. 18 - Prob. 33PCh. 18 - From what vitamins are the following coenzymes...Ch. 18 - Prob. 35PCh. 18 - For each of the following reaction, name both the...Ch. 18 - Explain why serine proteases do not catalyze...Ch. 18 - Prob. 38PCh. 18 - For each of the following enzyme catalyzed...Ch. 18 - Trisephosphate isomerase (TIM) catalyzes the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 41PCh. 18 - What acyl groups have we seen transferred by...Ch. 18 - When UMP is dissolved in T2O, exchange of T for H...Ch. 18 - Prob. 44PCh. 18 - When transaminated, the three branched-chain amino...Ch. 18 - Aldolase shows no activity if it is incubated with...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 3. Which of the following statements is FALSE? A. Enzymes speed up the attainment of a reaction equilibrium. B. Enzymes make reactions 10³ to 1020 times faster. C. Enzymes are proteins. D. Enzymes lower the amount of energy needed for a reaction. E. Enzymes are chemically unchanged during the actual catalytic process. 4. The polar head of cerebroside in the membrane can form a. Hydrogen bonds b. lon-dipole interactions c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B with water molecule.arrow_forwardIn the electron transport chain, the hydrogen ions enter the inner compartment of mitochondria through special channels formed by A. ATP synthase. B. coenzyme A. C. acetyl CoA. D. oxygen.arrow_forwardMeat is refrigerated to prevent spoilage by bacteria because the cold A. denatures bacterial enzymes B. inactivates, but does not denature, bacterial enzymes C. decreases the turnover number of bacterial enzymes D. makes meat proteins more resistant to bacterial enzyme activityarrow_forward
- Answer each of the questions pertaining to the figure below: a. Is this an endergonic or an exergonic reaction? b. Which letter represents the change in free energy of this reaction? c. Which letter represents the line that shows the reaction without an enzyme? d. Which letter represents the energy of activation needed with an enzyme? A Reactants B E Products Progress of the reaction Free energyarrow_forwardWhat sugar units will be formed after the hydrolysis sucrose? A. 2 glucose units B. glucose and galactose C. glucose and fructose D. many units of glucosearrow_forwardWhich best describes the role of enzymes in a chemical reaction? A. They lower the activation energy in the reaction. B. They prevent the reaction from occurring. C. They are produced by the reaction. D. They are consumed by the reaction.arrow_forward
- 17. In the urea cycle, ions are converted to urea. a. рpyruvate b. sodium C. ammonium O d. glutamatearrow_forwardwhich coenzyme will accept two hydrogen atoms in order to form an alkene? a. FADH2 b. FAD c. ATP d. NADH/H+ e. NAD+arrow_forward7. The first enzyme of the citric acid cycle, citrate synthetase, is activated by a. NADH b. ATP C. ADP d. more than one choice is correctarrow_forward
- What is lactated dehydrogenase, and how is it used in the reduction of carbonyl groups? Explain the manner in which the isoenzymes of LDH can be used as diagnostic tools. Choose one other diagnostic test not using LDH isoenzymes that might be used for the same application and explain what advantages and disadvantages exist over using LDH isoenzymes.arrow_forwardOrder the steps of the endogenous pathway starting with VLDL in the liver. Question 99 options: excess LDL taken up by receptors in the liver LDL circulates to deliver cholesterol to peripheral cells After a meal, VLDL in liver packaged with trigs and cholesterol and sent into circulation IDL transported to liver and broken down into LDL VLDL interacts with LPL to release its fatty acids. Becomes IDLarrow_forward13. Isoenzyme assays can be used for medical diagnostic purposes because a. damaged tissue produces a different isoenzyme than undamaged tissue b. different tissues produce different isometric forms of the same enzyme C. different isoenzymes react with different substrates d. damaged tissue produces nonfunctioning isoenzymesarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry In FocusChemistryISBN:9781305084476Author:Tro, Nivaldo J., Neu, Don.Publisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage LearningIntroductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningIntroduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337399074
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133949640
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry In Focus
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305084476
Author:Tro, Nivaldo J., Neu, Don.
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305960060
Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337399425
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285869759
Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher:Cengage Learning
DIGESTER-35 | VITAMINS AND THEIR RELATED COENZYMES| GPAT | NIPER | PHARMACIST| DI; Author: GPAT DISCUSSION CENTER;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CGrdNYmho0s;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY