Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 18, Problem 3VCQ
Figure 18.23 Which of the following statements is false?
- Punctuated equilibrium is most likely to occur in a small population that experiences a rapid change in its environment.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following statements about sympatric speciation is correct?
It is a process through which two populations can diverge and develop reproductive isolation while in two different geographic area.
It is the most common mechanism for populations to form independent species.
Postzygotic isolation is the main form of reproductive isolation for the sympatric speciation process.
Genetic isolation through large scale chromosomal mutations, such as chromosome inversion or polyploidy, are more likely contributing to sympatric speciation.
None of the above
Which of the following species would have the greatest chance of going extinct?
a species with a slow reproduction rate and very little genetic variation living in a changing environment
a species with a fast reproduction rate and lots of genetic variation living in a changing environment
a species with a slow reproduction rate and very little genetic variation living in a stable environment
a species with a fast reproduction rate and lots of genetic variation living in a stable environment
Which part of these statements isn't right ?
A species is a group of organisms that can potentially interbreed with one another to produce viable, fertile offspring. Speciation is when two new species form from one original one. Sympatric speciation occurs when there is a geographic separation of a population. Allopatric speciation occurs while the population remains in the same area. Adaptive radiation occurs when one species evolves into many to fill several different niches.
Natural selection requires traits to be passed from parent to offspring, more offspring are produced than can survive creating competition, and inherited traits vary among offspring.
Fossils, Anatomy and embryology, biogeography, and molecular biology all provide support for the theory of evolution.
Evolution can be driven by many different things. Mutations are changes in DNA that create new alleles in a population. Gene flow is the flow of alleles in and out of a population resulting from the migration…
Chapter 18 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 18 - Figure 18.14 Which is most likely to survive,...Ch. 18 - Figure 18.22 If two species eat a different diet...Ch. 18 - Figure 18.23 Which of the following statements is...Ch. 18 - Which scientific concept did Charles Darwin and...Ch. 18 - Which of the following situations will lead to...Ch. 18 - Which description is an example of a phenotype? A...Ch. 18 - Which situation is most likely an example of...Ch. 18 - Which situation would most likely lead to...Ch. 18 - What is the main difference between dispersal and...Ch. 18 - Which variable increases the likelihood of...
Ch. 18 - What is the main difference between autopolyploid...Ch. 18 - Which reproductive combination produces hybrids?...Ch. 18 - Which condition is the basis for a species to be...Ch. 18 - Which situation is not an example of a prezygotic...Ch. 18 - Which term is used to describe the continued...Ch. 18 - Which components of speciation would be least...Ch. 18 - If a person scatters a handful of garden pea plant...Ch. 18 - Why do scientists consider vestigial structures...Ch. 18 - How does the scientific meaning of “theory” differ...Ch. 18 - Explain why the statement that a monkey is more...Ch. 18 - Why do island chains provide ideal conditions for...Ch. 18 - Two species of fish had recently undergone...Ch. 18 - Why can polyploidy individuals lead to speciation...Ch. 18 - What do both rate of speciation models have in...Ch. 18 - Describe a situation where hybrid reproduction...
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- What data would you need to gather from the flies to determine if evolution (or speciation) was occurring in the groups?arrow_forwardGeographic isolation is an isolating mechanism in nature. Over long periods of time, it can lead to speciation. As the name suggests, geographic isolation is when populations of a species become separated geographically. This could also happen from the founder effect, where a small group breaks away from a larger population and establishes a group in an isolated area. Isolation could also occur when a geographic event, like an earthquake or a landslide separates a population. Once the populations are separated evolution can occur through multiple mechanisms. Natural selection could act on each population, where some individuals have favorable traits for survival. Genetic drift can occur, where genotypes become more common due to random chance. These mechanisms can lead to each subpopulation becoming so different, that they can no longer interbreed and are considered separate species. TIME ●00 • ORIGINAL GEOGRAPHIC REPRODUCTIVE SPECIATION POPULATION BARRIER ISOLATION 1. We have…arrow_forwardHow is sympatric speciation different from allopatric speciation? Group of answer choices Allopatric speciation requires a geographic barrier, while sympatric speciation occurs in one place Allopatric speciation results in hybrids, while sympatric speciation does not Allopatric speciation is a result of behavioral isolation, while sympatric speciation is a result of habitat isolation Allopatric speciation occurs in one place, while sympatric speciation requires a geographic barrierarrow_forward
- Which of the following speciation mechanisms is most likely to be responsible for the divergence of a single species into two distinct species due to geographic isolation caused by a mountain range? Sympatric speciation Allopatric speciation (dispersal) Allopatric speciation (vicariance) Parapatric speciationarrow_forwardWhich of these options is NOT an example of a hypothesis that supports the occurrence of ecological speciation: ecologically divergent pairs of populations should be more reproductively isolated from one another than more ecologically similar pairs of populations traits that lead to divergent adaptations between populations should lead to reproductive isolation between those populations as well levels of gene flow between ecologically divergent populations should decrease as populations become more ecologically divergent ecologically divergent populations should differ in use of signals that relate to mate selectionarrow_forwardIn the model shown below, discuss what kind of geographic barriers would have led to the finch speciation in the Galapagarrow_forward
- Speciation Match each situation to the type of speciation that is likely to occur. NOTE: If you want to change your selection, you'll need to delete the one you already chose. After you delete it, the list of choices will pop back up and you can make a different choice. A behavioral change prevents interaction between individuals from two groups sympatric Small groups become spread out over many different islands with different habitats adaptive radiation a valley becomes divided by a river, separating two groups allopatricarrow_forwardSpeciation events can occur on a variety of timescales. Which factor is NOT likely to influence the rate of speciation? Selection pressures Color of the organism Generation time Mutation ratearrow_forwardWhy is genetic variation among individuals beneficial? Genetic variation staves off extinction because it creates a fit population. Genetic variation leads to more new traits in the population which means evolution can occur faster. More genetic variation means higher rate of survival versus species that have less genetic variation. Some individuals will have inherited traits that give them a competitive advantage that make them more likely to survive and reproduce.arrow_forward
- There is a fish species that lives in a lake. As the fish population grows, competition for food increases and a group of fish locates a new food source at a different depth in the lake. Over time, two populations with distinct morphologies that allow them to eat various food sources begins to occur in the lake. Which type of speciation (allopatric or sympatric) will mostly likely occur? Why?arrow_forwardIn a population of birds, those with either very long or very short beaks are more successful at obtaining food resources than those with medium-sized beaks. Over time, the two extremes of beak size become more prevalent in the population. Which type of selection is occurring, and what might be the long-term consequence for this population? oooo Disruptive selection; speciation Directional selection; speciation Frequency-dependent selection; no change in the population Stabilizing selection; no change in the populationarrow_forwardA small group of individuals from a bird species is carried by strong winds to a distant island, where they establish a new population that eventually diverges into a separate species. This is an example of: Parapatric speciation Allopatric speciation (vicariance) Allopatric speciation (dispersal) Sympatric speciationarrow_forward
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