Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781259277726
Author: Kenneth S. Saladin Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 17.4, Problem 10AYLO
How signal amplification enables small amounts of hormone to produce great physiological effects
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Explain why polar hormones cannot regulate their target cells without using second messengers. Alsoexplain in a step-by-step manner how cyclic AMP is used as a second messenger in hormone action.
Intracellular signaling via ___________ is the primary mechanism of action for water-soluble hormones.
Group of answer choices
second messengers
diffusion through plasma membrane
intracellular receptors
How target cells modulate their hormonesensitivity
Chapter 17 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function
Ch. 17.1 - Define the word hormone and distinguish a hormone...Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 2BYGOCh. 17.1 - Prob. 3BYGOCh. 17.1 - Prob. 4BYGOCh. 17.1 - Discuss why the target-cell concept is essential...Ch. 17.1 - The importance of intercellular communication for...Ch. 17.1 - The general term for the cells and glands that...Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 17.1 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 17.1 - Prob. 5AYLO
Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 6BYGOCh. 17.2 - Prob. 7BYGOCh. 17.2 - Prob. 8BYGOCh. 17.2 - In what sense does the pituitary take orders from...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 10BYGOCh. 17.2 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 17.2 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 17.2 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 17.2 - Two hormones synthesized in the hypothalamus and...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 17.2 - Two hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary,...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 17.2 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 17.3 - Prob. 11BYGOCh. 17.3 - Prob. 12BYGOCh. 17.3 - Prob. 13BYGOCh. 17.3 - Prob. 14BYGOCh. 17.3 - Prob. 15BYGOCh. 17.3 - Prob. 16BYGOCh. 17.3 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 17.3 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 17.3 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 17.3 - Anatomy of the parathyroid glands; their hormone...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 17.3 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 17.3 - Three tissue zones of the adrenal cortex, the...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 17.3 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 17.3 - Hormones produced by the following tissues and...Ch. 17.4 - What are the three chemical classes of hormones?...Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 18BYGOCh. 17.4 - Prob. 19BYGOCh. 17.4 - Prob. 20BYGOCh. 17.4 - Prob. 21BYGOCh. 17.4 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 17.4 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 17.4 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 17.4 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 17.4 - The Types of stimuli that elicit hormone...Ch. 17.4 - Thyroid hormone synthesis and secretionCh. 17.4 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 17.4 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 17.4 - Which hormones require second messengers to...Ch. 17.4 - How signal amplification enables small amounts of...Ch. 17.4 - How target cells modulate their hormone...Ch. 17.4 - Three kinds of interactions that can occur when...Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 13AYLOCh. 17.5 - Define stress from the standpoint of...Ch. 17.5 - Describe the stages of the general adaptation...Ch. 17.5 - Prob. 24BYGOCh. 17.5 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 17.5 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 17.5 - The three stages of the stress response; the...Ch. 17.6 - Prob. 25BYGOCh. 17.6 - Prob. 26BYGOCh. 17.6 - Prob. 27BYGOCh. 17.6 - Paracrine and autocrine secretions, examples, and...Ch. 17.6 - The general structure and metabolic precursor of...Ch. 17.6 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 17.6 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 17.6 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 17.7 - Prob. 28BYGOCh. 17.7 - Prob. 29BYGOCh. 17.7 - Prob. 30BYGOCh. 17.7 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 17.7 - Myxedema, endemic goiter, and toxic goiterCh. 17.7 - Effects of hypo- and hyperparathyroidismCh. 17.7 - Cushing syndrome and adrenogenital syndromeCh. 17.7 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 17.7 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 17.7 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 17.7 - Consequences of inadequately treated DM and why...Ch. 17 - CRH secretion would not raise the blood...Ch. 17 - Prob. 2TYRCh. 17 - Prob. 3TYRCh. 17 - Prob. 4TYRCh. 17 - Prob. 5TYRCh. 17 - Prob. 6TYRCh. 17 - Prob. 7TYRCh. 17 - Prob. 8TYRCh. 17 - Prob. 9TYRCh. 17 - Prostaglandins are derived from a. phospholipase....Ch. 17 - Prob. 11TYRCh. 17 - Prob. 12TYRCh. 17 - Growth hormone hypersecretion in adulthood causes...Ch. 17 - Prob. 14TYRCh. 17 - Prob. 15TYRCh. 17 - Prob. 16TYRCh. 17 - Target cells can reduce pituitary secretion by a...Ch. 17 - Prob. 18TYRCh. 17 - Prob. 19TYRCh. 17 - ______ is a process in which a cell increases its...Ch. 17 - adeno-Ch. 17 - Prob. 2BYMVCh. 17 - Prob. 3BYMVCh. 17 - Prob. 4BYMVCh. 17 - Prob. 5BYMVCh. 17 - Prob. 6BYMVCh. 17 - Prob. 7BYMVCh. 17 - Prob. 8BYMVCh. 17 - Prob. 9BYMVCh. 17 - Prob. 10BYMVCh. 17 - Castration would lower a mans blood gonadotropin...Ch. 17 - Prob. 2WWTSCh. 17 - Prob. 3WWTSCh. 17 - Prob. 4WWTSCh. 17 - Prob. 5WWTSCh. 17 - The great majority of cases of diabetes mellitus...Ch. 17 - Prob. 7WWTSCh. 17 - A deficiency of dietary iodine would lead to...Ch. 17 - Prob. 9WWTSCh. 17 - Prob. 10WWTSCh. 17 - Prob. 1TYCCh. 17 - Suppose you were browsing in a health-food store...Ch. 17 - Prob. 3TYCCh. 17 - Prob. 4TYCCh. 17 - A young man is involved in a motorcycle accident...
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- an example of 2nd messenger concept map with 10 termsarrow_forwardAlthough convergence and divergence is possible in signaling pathways, secondary messengers can inhibit signals of other pathways. True Falsearrow_forwardCorrectly order (from first to last) the steps involved in the Steroid mechanism of hormone action the harmone receptor complex is formed the steroid homorne diffuses into a cell's cytoplasm the hormone-receptor complex transloacates into the cell's nucleus transcription occurs followed by translation a newly formed protein initiates a cellular response the steroid harmone detaches from its protein carrierarrow_forward
- “Some hormones are produced as inactive and then get converted into active hormone” – justify this statement using an appropriate example.arrow_forwardThe cyclic AMP (second messenger) of signal transmission is very reactive and breaks down rapidly after synthesis. Why is this important to the signal-transmission process?arrow_forwardVisit this link (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/hormonebind) to watch an animation of the events thatoccur when a hormone binds to a cell membrane receptor.What is the secondary messenger made by adenylyl cyclaseduring the activation of liver cells by epinephrine?arrow_forward
- What makes hormone binding to its receptor more like an allosteric regulator binding to an enzyme than a substrate binding to an enzyme is the way that hormone binding to its receptor works.arrow_forwardDescribe the general properties of a receptor and howa target cell may decrease or increase its sensitivity toa hormonearrow_forwardSuppose you are studying a cell’s response to a particularhormone. You observe that the cell produces the same response to thehormone whether or not the cell is treated with a chemical that blockstranscription. What can you surmise about the hormone and its receptor?arrow_forward
- Hormone receptor molecules are the key to understanding specific-ity of hormone action on target cells. Describe and distinguish be-tween receptors located on the cell surface and those located in the nucleus of target cells. Name two hormones whose action is medi-ated through each type of receptor.arrow_forwardsignal pathways in the body increase or decrease the signaling via a certain neurotransmitter (= signal substance), give the mechanism on how the signal can be inhibititorymedication or excitation medicationarrow_forwardThe use of second messengers is an example of a method used in intracellular signaling. (true or false)arrow_forward
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