Concept explainers
Introduction:
DNA is the genetic material of all organisms except some viruses.
Answer to Problem 1SQ
Correct answer:
Mutation serves as the source for new alleles as they change in the protein structure and gene sequence. Hence, the correct answer is option a.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for correct answer:
Option a. is given as “mutation.”
The mutation is the change in the
Reason for incorrect answer:
Option b. is given as, “natural selection.”
Natural selection is a progressive evolutionary process which is brought about by the alteration in the inheritable characteristics in a group of individuals or populations over generations. This helps in the differential selection of the species and their reproduction based on the ability to adapt. Hence, option b. is incorrect.
Option c. is given as, “Genetic drift”.
Genetic drift is the alteration in the frequency of a gene variant that exists within a population, because of a random sampling of organisms. Hence, option c. is incorrect.
Option d. is given as, “Gene flow”.
Gene flow is the passing of the genetic characters in the form of genes from one generation to another generation within a population. The gene flow is constant in a population but varies among different populations or communities. Hence, option d. is incorrect.
Option e. is given as, “All are original sources of new alleles”.
The mutation is the new sources of alleles as it changes the genetic sequence of the genetic material while other phenomenon does not bring about the formation of new alleles. Hence, option e. is incorrect.
Hence, the options b, c, d and e. are incorrect.
A mutation can lead to the change in the gene sequence, which alters the protein and is the cause responsible for the formation of new alleles. Thus, the correct option is a.
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Chapter 17 Solutions
EBK BIOLOGY: CONCEPTS AND APPLICATIONS
- In the universal ABO blood grouping system, there are four phenotypes—A, B, AB, and O—which are determined by three different alleles. The presence of three alleles in the ABO blood grouping system is an example of ____. a. a polymorphism b. the bottleneck effect c. genetic drift d. a dimorphism e. the founder effectarrow_forwardIn population genetics, evolution describes how ____ change from onegeneration to the next.a. individuals c. phenotype frequenciesb. allele frequencies d. communitiesarrow_forwardHow is genetic drift like natural selection? A. They both depend upon the founder effect B. Both usually bring about adaptation to the environment C. They both cause gene frequency changes D. All of these are correct Mutations are __________. A. The sole source of variation in a sexually reproducing organisms B. The ultimate source of variation in sexually reproducing organisms C. Both genetic and chromosomal in nature D. All of these are correctarrow_forward
- which of these is not a central rule of natural selection a, fitness to the general health and strength of an organism b, natural selection can only act on traits that affect reproduction c, natural selection can't occur without population variation d, a trait must be inherited if natural selection is to act on itarrow_forwardThe process in which environmental pressures result in the differential survival and reproduction of individuals of a population is called_____ . a. catastrophism c. natural selection b. evolution d. geneticsarrow_forwardWhen a gene from one species is transferred into another species, the result is ____. a. a lethal mutation b. a hybrid animal c. a GMO d. a new species e. eugenicsarrow_forward
- Which of the following is false regarding artificial selection? B. Artificial selection is responsible for creating new varieties of plants and animals D. Many if not most organisms created through artificial selection could not survive without humans E. None of the above---all are true statements A. Darwin's understanding of artificial selection helped him arrive at his theory of evolution by natural selection C. Artificial selection is caused through the process of selective breedingarrow_forwardPopulation genetics is the study of ________. a. how allele frequencies in a population change over time b. populations of cells in an individual c. the rate of population growth d. how genes affect embryological developmentarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements describes an example of genetic drift?a. Allele g for fat production increases in a small population because birds with more bodyfat have higher survivorship in a harsh winter.b. Random mutation increases the frequency of allele A in one population but not inanother.c. Allele R reaches a frequency of 1.0 because individuals with genotype rr are sterile.d. Allele m is lost when a virus kills all but a few individuals and just by chance, none ofthe survivors possess allele m.arrow_forward
- A geneticist is interested in whether asthma is caused by a mutation in the DS112 gene.The geneticist collects DNA from 120 people with asthma and 100 healthy people, andshe sequences the DNA. She finds that 35 of the people with asthma and none of thehealthy people have a mutation in the DS112 gene. What is the population in this study?a. The 120 people with asthmab. The 100 healthy peoplec. The 35 people with a mutation in the DS112 gened. All people with asthmaarrow_forwardWhen genes from two parents mix together to form the genes of their child, this is called a. Recombination b. Natural selection c. Resequencing d. Mutation e. Evolutionarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about natural selection is a misconception? a.Most species don't produce more offspring than the environment can support b.Natural selection acts on heritable variations in a population c.Natural selection involves differential reproductive success d.Natural selection occurs as a result of competition among individuals in a population e.In natural selection, traits that are favoured depend on current environmental conditionsarrow_forward
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