Chapter 17, Problem 17.83SP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The value of $\text{E°}$ is negative or positive has to be given at the condition when $\text{K<1}$ and the value of $\text{K}$ when $\text{E°=0V}$ has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Standard cell potential and equilibrium constant:

The standard cell potential related to the free-energy is given by the equation,

$\text{ΔG°}\text{=}\text{-nFE°}$

The free-energy change is also related to equilibrium constant by the equation,

$\text{ΔG°}\text{=}\text{-RTlnK}$

Combine both the equations,

$\begin{array}{l}\text{-nFE°}\text{=}\text{-RTlnK}\\ \\ \text{E°}\text{=}\frac{\text{RT}}{\text{nFlnK}}\text{=}\frac{\text{2}\text{.303RT}}{\text{nF}}\text{logK}\\ \\ \text{(or)}\\ \\ \text{E°}\text{=}\frac{\text{0}\text{.0592V}}{\text{n}}\text{logK}\end{array}$

Where,

$\begin{array}{l}\text{n}\text{=}\text{number}\text{of}\text{moles}\text{of}\text{electrons}\text{transferred}\\ \text{F}\text{=}\text{Faraday}\text{constant}\text{(96,500}\text{C/mol}{\text{e}}^{\text{-}}\text{)}\\ \text{E°}\text{=}\text{Standard cell potential}\\ \text{ΔG°}\text{=}\text{Change in free-energy}\\ \text{K}\text{=}\text{Temperature in kelvin}\\ \text{R}\text{=}\text{Universal gas constant}\\ \text{K}\text{=}\text{Equilibrium constant}\end{array}$