EBK MACROECONOMICS FOR TODAY
9th Edition
ISBN: 8220101425966
Author: Tucker
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 17, Problem 10SQ
To determine
Describe the adaptive expectation theory in the short-run
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Using what you know about the Phillips curve, determine whether the following quantities will increase, decrease, or remain the same.
a. Unemployment in the short run after an increase in inflation: (Click to select) v
b. Unemployment in the long run after an increase in inflation: (Click to select) v
c. Inflation in the short run after a decrease in unemployment: (Click to select)
d. Inflation in the long run after a decrease in unemployment: (Click to select)
|(Click to select)
decrease
increase
remain the same
A politician blames the Federal Reserve for being "soft on unemployment" and claims that a permanently higher money supply growth rate will lead to a permanent reduction in the unemployment rate. The politician's argument is
a. consistent with the long-run Phillips curve. Further, the long-run Phillips curve implies that such a policy would not increase inflation.
b. inconsistent with the long-run Phillips curve. Further, the long-run Phillips curve implies that such a policy would increase inflation.
c. inconsistent with the long-run Phillips curve. However, the long-run Phillips curve implies that such a policy would not increase inflation.
d. consistent with the long-run Phillips curve. However, the long-run Phillips curve implies that such a policy would increase inflation.
The effect of expectations on the Phillips curve is considered a Phelps’s primary contribution. We can use a modified version of the Phillips curve to illustrate the point that Phelps was trying to make. The key difference is that the position of this new kind of curve changes when the inflation rate that people expect changes. When actual inflation changes and expected inflation stays the same, you move along the curve. But when expected inflation changes, the entire curve shifts. Since expectations shift this curve, economists call it an expectations-augmented Phillips curve.
The following graph shows a Phillips curve for a hypothetical economy where the natural rate of unemployment is 8%. Initially, the expected inflation rate equals the actual inflation rate of 4%. Use the Phillips curve on the graph to answer the questions that follow.
Consider a scenario where the inflation rate unexpectedly rises from 4% to 5%. Wages rise to match the new level of inflation. Workers believe that…
Chapter 17 Solutions
EBK MACROECONOMICS FOR TODAY
Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 1YTECh. 17.6 - Prob. 1YTECh. 17 - Prob. 1SQPCh. 17 - Prob. 2SQPCh. 17 - Prob. 3SQPCh. 17 - Prob. 4SQPCh. 17 - Prob. 5SQPCh. 17 - Prob. 6SQPCh. 17 - Prob. 7SQPCh. 17 - Prob. 8SQP
Ch. 17 - Prob. 9SQPCh. 17 - Prob. 1SQCh. 17 - Prob. 2SQCh. 17 - Prob. 3SQCh. 17 - Prob. 4SQCh. 17 - Prob. 5SQCh. 17 - Prob. 6SQCh. 17 - Prob. 7SQCh. 17 - Prob. 8SQCh. 17 - Prob. 9SQCh. 17 - Prob. 10SQCh. 17 - Prob. 11SQCh. 17 - Prob. 12SQCh. 17 - Prob. 13SQCh. 17 - Prob. 14SQCh. 17 - Prob. 15SQCh. 17 - Prob. 16SQCh. 17 - Prob. 17SQCh. 17 - Prob. 18SQCh. 17 - Prob. 19SQCh. 17 - Prob. 20SQ
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- Image uploaded answer is not allowed pleasearrow_forwardWhat occurs when the natural unemployment rate increases? A. The short-run Phillips curve doesn't change and the long-run Phillips curve shifts rightward. B. The long-run Phillips curve doesn't change and the short-run Phillips curve shifts upward. C. The long-run and short-run Phillips curves shift rightward and the expected inflation rate rises. D. The long-run and short-run Phillips curves shift rightward and the expected inflation rate doesn't change. tha nksarrow_forwardAnswer both parts. a) Suppose the central bank wants to permanently reduce the inflation rate. Using the model of the Phillips Curve, describe the steps the central bank must take, and the adjustment path of the economy. b) What information does the sacrifice ratio tell us about the consequences of reducing inflation?arrow_forward
- Inflation and unemployment data for Acadia can be found in the table below. Year 2018 2019 2020 ion Rate (%) 5 Inflation Rate (%) + 4.7 2.6 3.5 a. Draw a graph showing the Phillips curve for Acadia based on the values for inflation and unemployment in this economy from 2018 to 2020. Plot 3 points in total to draw the Phillips curve for Acadia below. Plot the plotting points in the order 2018, 2020 and then 2019. Unemployment Rate (%) Phillips Curve for Acadia 5.7 8.9 6.8 Tools Phillips Curve Ⓡarrow_forwardDraw the Phillips curve.Use the model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply to show how policy can move the economy from a point on this curve with high inflation to a point with low inflationarrow_forwardYou're a pricing analyst for a manufacturing firm. You are tasked with predicting how average prices will change over the next quarter to help your manager decide how to change her prices. How might you find the best estimate of the likely inflation rate? For the best estimate, obtain the average forecast of many economists. look to the financial markets. analyze surveys of people's inflation expectations. rely on the forecast of an eminent economist.arrow_forward
- The Phillips curve is A. a positive relationship between price stability and constant, small-increment changes in the fiscal policy on the part of the Fed. B. a positive relationship in the long run between the rate of inflation and the rate of unemployment. C. a negative relationship between the inflation rate and the unemployment rate, at least in the short run. D. a positive relationship between the unemployment rate and the real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) level.arrow_forwardSuppose the economy is in a long-run equilibrium.a. Draw the economy’s short-run and long-run Phillips curves.b. Suppose a wave of business pessimism reduces aggregate demand. Show the effect of this shock on your diagram from part (a). If the Fed undertakes expansionary monetary policy, can it return the economy to its original inflation rate and original unemployment rate?c. Now suppose the economy is back in long-run equilibrium, and then the price of imported oil rises. Show the effect of this shock with a new diagram like that in part (a). If the Fed undertakes expansionary monetary policy, can it return the economy to its original inflation rate and original unemployment rate? If the Fed undertakes contractionary monetary policy, can it return the economy to its original inflation rate and original unemployment rate? Explain why this situation differs from that in part (b)arrow_forwardWhich of the following is correct if there is a favorable supply shock? a. the short-run aggregate supply curve and the short-run Phillips curve both shift right. b. the short-run aggregate supply curve and the short-run Phillips curve both shift left. c. the short-run aggregate supply curve shifts left and the short-run Phillips curve shifts right. d. the short-run aggregate supply curve shifts right and the short-run Phillips curve shifts left.arrow_forward
- Draw a Phillips curve graph here that shows a natural rate of unemployment of 4% and a current inflation rate of 2%. Make sure your lines and axes are labeled and your graph is complete! Use your knowledge of The Phillips Curve to answer the following questions. The threat of future inflation: makes people reluctant to loan money for long periods. makes people eager to loan money for long periods. has no effect on loaning money. increases the value of money paid back in the future. makes people reluctant to borrow money for long periods. According to the short-run Phillips Curve, there is a trade-off between: interest rates and inflation. the growth of the money supply and interest rates. unemployment and economic growth. inflation and unemployment. economic growth and interest rates. Which of the following is true of the long-run Phillips curve? it shows there is a trade-off between unemployment and inflation. it is positively sloped when the inflation rate exceeds…arrow_forwardConsider the Phillips curves depicted in the graph above. The Fed announces its intention to decrease inflation from 10 percent to 5 percent per year, and it succeeds. If expectations of inflation are not altered by the Fed's announcement, the rate of unemployment will be ________ in the short run. a)less than 5.5 percent b)5.5 percent c)between 5.5 and 7.5 percent d)7.5 percentarrow_forward(Problem 3, Page 477) In a certain economy the expectations-augmented Phillips curve is π = π² − 2 (u – ū) and ū= 0.06. a. Graph the Phillips curve of this economy for an expected inflation rate of 0.10. If the Fed chooses to keep the actual inflation rate at 0.10, what will be the unemployment rate? b. An aggregate demand shock (resulting from increased military spending) raises expected inflation to 0.12 (the natural unemployment rate is unaffected). Graph the new Phillips curve and compare it to the curve you drew in Part (a). What happens to the unemployment rate if the Fed holds actual inflation at 0.10? What happens to the Phillips curve and the unemployment rate if the Fed announces that it will hold inflation at 0.10 after the aggregate demand shock, and this announcement is fully believed by the public? c. Suppose that a supply shock (a drought) raises expected inflation to 0.12 and raises the natural unemployment rate to 0.08. Repeat Part (b).arrow_forward
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