Anatomy and Physiology
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260256000
Author: SALADIN
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 16, Problem 5TYR
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The sound is an audible wave that is generated from vibration of air molecules. The sound waves are transmitted through solids, air, water, and not vacuum surfaces. This sound is mainly produced from the vibrant objects such as a loudspeaker, fork, or from vocal cords.
The physical properties of sound are characterized based on the vibration of the air molecules that collide with each other and form the sound energy that reaches the eardrum with sound sensation.
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The higher the frequency of a sound,a. the louder it sounds.b. the harder it is to hear.c. the more it stimulates the distal end ofthe spiral organ.d. the faster it travels through air.e. the higher its pitch
Axons from the vestibular nerve project to each of the cranial nuclei that control the extrinsic eye muscles.
A. True
B. False
which statements is false about the Auditory Structures and their Functions
a. The middle ear is connected to the mastoid air cells.
b. The inner ear has three parts: the semicircular canals; the vestibule, which contains the utricle and the saccule; and the cochlea.
c. The cochlea is a circular-shaped canal within the temporal bone.
d. The cochlea is divided into two compartments by the vestibular and basilar membranes. The scala vestibuli and scala tympani contain perilymph. The cochlear duct contains endolymph and the spiral organ (organ of Corti).
Chapter 16 Solutions
Anatomy and Physiology
Ch. 16.1 - Not every sensory receptor is a sense organ....Ch. 16.1 - What does it mean to say sense organs are...Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 3BYGOCh. 16.1 - What is meant by the modality of a stimulus? Give...Ch. 16.1 - Three schemes of receptor classification were...Ch. 16.1 - Nociceptors are tonic rather than phasic...Ch. 16.1 - The definition of receptor and the range of...Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 16.1 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 16.1 - Prob. 4AYLO
Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 16.1 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 16.1 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 16.2 - What stimulus modalities are detected by free...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 8BYGOCh. 16.2 - Where do most second-order somatosensory neurons...Ch. 16.2 - Explain the phenomenon of referred pain in terms...Ch. 16.2 - Explain the roles of bradykinin, substance P, and...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 12BYGOCh. 16.2 - Three Types of unencapsulated sensory nerve...Ch. 16.2 - Six types of encapsulated nerve endings and how...Ch. 16.2 - The main routes for somatosensory signals from the...Ch. 16.2 - Definitions of pain and nociceptorCh. 16.2 - Differences between fast pain and slow painCh. 16.2 - Differences between somatic and visceral pain, and...Ch. 16.2 - Several chemicals released by injured tissues that...Ch. 16.2 - The general three-neuron pathway typically taken...Ch. 16.2 - Pain pathways from receptors in the head to the...Ch. 16.2 - Pain pathways from the lower body to the cerebral...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 16.2 - Referred pain and its anatomical basisCh. 16.2 - Prob. 13AYLOCh. 16.2 - Prob. 14AYLOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 13BYGOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 14BYGOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 15BYGOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 16BYGOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 17BYGOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 16.3 - Types, locations, and functions of lingual...Ch. 16.3 - Five primary taste sensations, and sensations...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 16.3 - How odor molecules excite olfactory cellsCh. 16.3 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 18BYGOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 19BYGOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 20BYGOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 21BYGOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 22BYGOCh. 16.4 - Why can't we see wavelengths of 350 nm or 750 nm?Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 16.4 - The bony and membranous labyrinths of the inner...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 12AYLOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 13AYLOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 14AYLOCh. 16.4 - The pathway from cochlear nerve to auditory...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 16AYLOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 17AYLOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 18AYLOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 19AYLOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 20AYLOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 21AYLOCh. 16.4 - The path taken by signals in the vestibular nerve...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 23AYLOCh. 16.5 - Prob. 24BYGOCh. 16.5 - Prob. 25BYGOCh. 16.5 - Prob. 26BYGOCh. 16.5 - Prob. 27BYGOCh. 16.5 - Prob. 28BYGOCh. 16.5 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 16.5 - Six extrinsic eye muscles, their anatomy, the eye...Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 16.5 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 16.5 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 16.5 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 16.5 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 16.5 - General structure of the retina: its two points of...Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 16.5 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 16.5 - Principles of refraction; points at which...Ch. 16.5 - The difference between enmetropia and lite near...Ch. 16.5 - Histological layers and cell types of the retina....Ch. 16.5 - The structures of rods and cones; where visual...Ch. 16.5 - Differences in rod and cone functionCh. 16.5 - Prob. 16AYLOCh. 16.5 - Prob. 17AYLOCh. 16.5 - Why a single retinal receptor system cannot...Ch. 16.5 - Difference between S, M, and L cones; how neural...Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 20AYLOCh. 16.5 - Prob. 21AYLOCh. 16.5 - Hemidecussation, where it occurs, and how it...Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 23AYLOCh. 16 - Hot and cold stimuli are detected by a. free nerve...Ch. 16 - _____is a neurotransmitter that transmits pain...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 4TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 5TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 6TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 7TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 8TYRCh. 16 - The retina receives its oxygen supply from a. the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 10TYRCh. 16 - The most finely detailed vision occurs when an...Ch. 16 - Prob. 12TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 13TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 14TYRCh. 16 - Three rows of________in the cochlea have V-shaped...Ch. 16 - The ______ is a tiny bone that vibrates in the...Ch. 16 - The _____ of the midbrain receives auditory input...Ch. 16 - Prob. 18TYRCh. 16 - Olfactory neurons synapse with mitral cells and...Ch. 16 - In the phenomenon of ______, pain from the viscera...Ch. 16 - bin-Ch. 16 - decuss-Ch. 16 - hemi-Ch. 16 - lacrimo-Ch. 16 - litho-Ch. 16 - maculo-Ch. 16 - noci-Ch. 16 - scoto-Ch. 16 - -sepsisCh. 16 - Prob. 10BYMVCh. 16 - The sensory (afferent) nerve fibers for touch end...Ch. 16 - Prob. 2WWTSCh. 16 - Things we see with the left eye are perceived only...Ch. 16 - Prob. 4WWTSCh. 16 - The vitreous body occupies the posterior chamber...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6WWTSCh. 16 - Prob. 7WWTSCh. 16 - Prob. 8WWTSCh. 16 - Prob. 9WWTSCh. 16 - Prob. 10WWTSCh. 16 - The principle of neural convergence is explained...Ch. 16 - What type of cutaneous receptor enables you to...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3TYCCh. 16 - Prob. 4TYCCh. 16 - Prob. 5TYC
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- which statements are true about the Auditory Structures and Functions a. The external ear consists of the auricle and external acoustic meatus. b. The middle ear connects the external and inner ears. The tympanic membrane is stretched across the external acoustic meatus. c. The malleus, incus, and stapes connect the tympanic membrane to the oval window of the outer ear. d. The auditory tube connects the middle ear to the pharynx and functions to equalize pressure.arrow_forwardVibrations in the eardrum are transmitted by the Eustachian tube to the oval window. a. False O b. Truearrow_forwardname the structure the arrow is pointed at. a. thalamus b. head of caudate nucleus c. Putamen d. internal capsule E. Global pallidusarrow_forward
- which statements are true about the Auditory Structures and their Functions a. The middle ear is connected to the mastoid air cells. b. The inner ear has three parts: the semicircular canals; the vestibule, which contains the utricle and the saccule; and the cochlea. c. The cochlea is a circular-shaped canal within the temporal bone. d. The cochlea is divided into two compartments by the vestibular and basilar membranes. The scala vestibuli and scala tympani contain perilymph. The cochlear duct contains endolymph and the spiral organ (organ of Corti).arrow_forwardThe tongue tip that protrudes in the midline indicates A. Contraction of both right and left genioglossus muscles B. That both hypoglossal nerves are normal C. That the vagus nerves are normal D. A, B E. B, Carrow_forwardWhich among the statements is/are true? a. It is easy to determine the sound which is directly on the level of the ear.b. The easiest to determine is the sound in the sides of the head.c. The sound from back and the front of head are the easiest to locate.d. The sound from below and behind of the head is the most difficult to locate.arrow_forward
- Yoshi has suffered minor damage to the bones in his left middle ear. What treatment, if any, might help restore his hearing? a. a hearing aid b. a cochlear implant c. Both a hearing aid and a cochlear implant will be needed. d. Such damage is permanent and cannot be remedied.arrow_forwardIf someone were to experience a lack of blood flow (stroke) in the spinal cord that results in a decreased ability to dorsiflex the foot, where did the stroke most likely occur? O a. The posterior horn of the thoracic region b. The anterior horn of the thoracic region c. The lateral horn of the thoracic region O d. The posterior horn of the lumbar region O e. The anterior horn of the lumbar region O f. The lateral horn of the lumbar regionarrow_forwardTina has had the flu for the past 4 days. It has been the most horrible feeling of her life. Initially she couldn't smell. Now, it appears that she cannot taste anything. Using the knowledge you have gathered a. Explain why Tina cannot smell and taste at the same time. b. Explain in detail the relationship between our sense of taste and smell c. What treatment would you recommend for Tinaarrow_forward
- Which is NOT the correct order of transmission along the auditory pathway to the brain? A. Spiral organ of Corti Vestibulocochlear nerve Spiral olivary nucleus B. Spiral olivary nucleus Lateral lemniscus Inferior colliculi C. Lateral lemniscus Inferior colliculi Medial geniculate nucleus of the thalamus D. Inferior colliculi Lateral lemniscus Primary auditory cortex, temporal lobe E. None of the choicesarrow_forwardwhich statements are true about the Auditory Function a. Sound waves are funneled by the auricle down the external acoustic meatus, causing the tympanic membrane to vibrate. b. The tympanic membrane vibrations are passed along the auditory ossicles to the oval window of the inner ear. c. Movement of the stapes in the oval window causes the perilymph, vestibular membrane, and endolymph to vibrate, producing movement of the basilar membrane. d.Movement of the basilar membrane causes bending of the stereocilia of inner hair cells in the spiral organ.arrow_forwardName the structure that the arrow is pointing at.A. ThalamusB. PutamenC. Internal capsule D. Head of caudate nucleusE. Globus pallidusarrow_forward
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