21st Century Astronomy
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780393428063
Author: Kay
Publisher: NORTON
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Question
Chapter 16, Problem 43QP
To determine
The density of degenerate material and radius of sun.
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Students have asked these similar questions
The average density of the sun is 1. 4 g/cm3 What do you expect the density to be at 0.25 of Rsun?
2)
The average density of the sun is 1.4 g/cm3.
The following resource claims that the sun's core has a density of 150 g/cm3 and a radius of 25% of the sun's radius. Assume the core has a constant density and calculate it's mass.
What fraction of the sun's mass is in the core according to that resource?
The Sun is estimated to have about 5.00 billion years left in it’s “normal” (main sequence) lifetime. Assume the average “burn” rate that you computed in question #1, what % of the Sun’s current mass will have been converted at the end of it’s estimated 5.00 billion years of additional life? Actually, the Sun will lose more mass due to the solar wind, CMEs, the neutrio flux etc.
the answer to number one was 3.683x10^14
Describe the reaction that powers the sun during its main sequence lifetime. Be sure to include
the basic ingredients and the basic products.
Chapter 16 Solutions
21st Century Astronomy
Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 16.1CYUCh. 16.3 - Prob. 16.3CYUCh. 16.4 - Prob. 16.4CYUCh. 16.5 - Prob. 16.5CYUCh. 16 - Prob. 1QPCh. 16 - Prob. 2QPCh. 16 - Prob. 3QPCh. 16 - Prob. 4QPCh. 16 - Prob. 5QPCh. 16 - Prob. 6QP
Ch. 16 - Prob. 8QPCh. 16 - Prob. 9QPCh. 16 - Prob. 10QPCh. 16 - Prob. 11QPCh. 16 - Prob. 12QPCh. 16 - Prob. 13QPCh. 16 - Prob. 14QPCh. 16 - Prob. 15QPCh. 16 - Prob. 16QPCh. 16 - Prob. 17QPCh. 16 - Prob. 18QPCh. 16 - Prob. 19QPCh. 16 - Prob. 20QPCh. 16 - Prob. 21QPCh. 16 - Prob. 23QPCh. 16 - Prob. 24QPCh. 16 - Prob. 25QPCh. 16 - Prob. 26QPCh. 16 - Prob. 27QPCh. 16 - Prob. 28QPCh. 16 - Prob. 29QPCh. 16 - Prob. 30QPCh. 16 - Prob. 31QPCh. 16 - Prob. 32QPCh. 16 - Prob. 33QPCh. 16 - Prob. 34QPCh. 16 - Prob. 35QPCh. 16 - Prob. 36QPCh. 16 - Prob. 37QPCh. 16 - Prob. 38QPCh. 16 - Prob. 39QPCh. 16 - Prob. 40QPCh. 16 - Prob. 41QPCh. 16 - Prob. 42QPCh. 16 - Prob. 43QPCh. 16 - Prob. 44QPCh. 16 - Prob. 45QP
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- A Crude Analysis: In about 5 billion years, the Sun is going to look a lot different. Our sun is going to turn into a red-giant, a bigger star whose core temperature is much higher than the Sun's current core temperature (you will learn about the red giants in the coming weeks). Assume the core temperature of the red-giant phase of the Sun does not go beyond 100 million degrees. Do you think the temperature is high enough for helium fusion to occur? Note that this question is about helium fusion not hydrogen fusion. How are you going about proving your claim? Question: What temperature in degrees Kelvin must the red-giant sun be at to allow for the helium-helium interactions to take place not considering the Quantum Mechanical effects (i.e. what temperature would allow helium atoms to breach the helium-helium potential wall without help from Quantum Mechanics)? Use wolfram alpha to find the values for the constants. Round your answer to two decimal places. Your answer i [ Select ] 1.47…arrow_forwardOnly about 11% of the initial Hydrogen in the Sun is in the core where it is hot enough to burn. What was the total mass of the initial H in the core of the Sun?arrow_forwardProblem 2. Thermal Energy of the Gas Giants: Energy Radiated by Saturn (Palen, et. al., 1st Edition, Chapter 8, problems 40, 62) The equilibrium temperature (Links to an external site.) for Saturn should be 82 K but instead we find an average temperature of 95 K. How much more energy is Saturn radiating into space than it absorbs from the sun? Does this violate the law of conservation of energy? What is the source of this additional energy?arrow_forward
- The Sun’s luminosity (or power) is 4 x 1026 Watts (=J/s). How many kilograms of hydrogen must be fused every second to maintain this luminosity? (hint: work backwards from the energy per second to the mass released to the amount of hydrogen required, using the results from the previous question.) The Sun’s mass is ~2x1030 kg. If 10% of this is Hydrogen available in the core, how long will the Sun be able to continue fusing hydrogen at this rate? This is considered the Sun's "lifetime". If the Sun is 4.6 billion years old (and assuming it's power output is constant), how many years does it have left?arrow_forwardWhat was the minimum volumeVrequired to supply enough magneticenergy to fuel the flare? What was the minimum volume V required to supply enough magnetic energy to fuel the flare? If the volume V is spherical, what is its radius? Is this greater than or less than the typical radius r≈104km of a sunspot?arrow_forwardDescribe the evolution of a star with a mass similar to that of the Sun, from the protostar stage to the time it first becomes a red giant. Give the description in words and then sketch the evolution on an HR diagram.arrow_forward
- Why do you suppose so great a fraction of the Sun’s energy comes from its central regions? Within what fraction of the Sun’s radius does practically all of the Sun’s luminosity originate (see Figure 16.16)? Within what radius of the Sun has its original hydrogen been partially used up? Discuss what relationship the answers to these questions bear to one another. Figure 16.16 shows how the temperature, density, rate of energy generation, and composition vary from the center of the Sun to its surface.arrow_forwardA star's Zero Age Main Sequence (ZAMS) radius R, luminosity L, and effective temperature Teff depend primarily on the star's mass. These parameters do evolve somewhat over time, however, while the star still remains on the main sequence. Discuss in what direction each of these parameters evolves, and explain why this occurs. By physical in your explanation. How did this evolution affect our own solar system, if at all?arrow_forwardWhich of the below is a possible evolutionary outcome for the Sun (given in the correct chronological order). a) planetary nebula, red giant, white dwarf b) Red giant, planetary nebula, white dwarf c) Red giant, planetary nebula, neutron star d) Red giant, neutron star with simultaneous supernova explosion e) Red giant, black hole with simultaneous supernova explosionarrow_forward
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