Chapter 16, Problem 20E

Explanation of Solution

Given:

${\text{σ}}_{\text{A}\le \text{v}}(\text{r})$

The way to use the histogram:

• Consider the histogram that stores the distribution of values “r” and it is divided into the range from r₁, r₂, r₃, … m.
• If ${\text{r}}_{\text{i:high}}$ is less than “v”, then the number of tuples “H(r_i)” needs to be added to the estimated total calculated for each range “r_i” with low value r_i:low and high value ${\text{r}}_{\text{i:low}}$