Chapter 16, Problem 16.89SP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The spontaneity of reaction of 1,2-dichloroethane forming vinyl chloride has to be ascertained.  Carrying out the reaction in presence of base has to be discussed. The possibility of synthesis of vinyl chloride from graphite, gaseous $C{l}_2$ and gaseous $H_2$ at $25°C$ and $1\text{ atm}$ pressure has to be discussed.

Concept Introduction:

• $\Delta G_f^{°}$ refers to standard free energy formation.   Standard free energy of a reaction is   determined as,

$\Delta G_{rxn}^{°}=\Sigma \Delta G_f^{°}(product)-\Sigma \Delta G_f^{°}(reac\tan t)$

Where,

$\begin{array}{l}\Delta G_{rxn}^{°}=\text{ standard free energy of reaction}\\ \Delta H_f^{°}(product)=\text{ standard free energy of formation of product}\\ \Delta H_f^{°}(reac\tan t)=\text{ standard free energy of formation of reactant}\end{array}$

• Spontaneous process has – positive entropy value and negative free energy, enthalpy value.
• Non-spontaneous process tends to proceed with negative entropy value and positive free energy and enthalpy.