Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 15, Problem 9E
Compare and contrast the four different types of solar activity above the photosphere.
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An image of the disk of the Sun shows a higher brightness at the centre compared to the edges. Explain with the aid of a sketch the reasons for this darkening at the limb of the solar disk.
In images of the solar photosphere there are small regions of the solar disk, about 500 km across, which are about 2.5 times brighter that the surrounding photosphere. Assuming a temperature of 5800 K for the background photosphere, calculate the temperature of these photospheric bright points.
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Chapter 15 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 15 - Describe the main differences between the...Ch. 15 - Describe how energy makes its way from the nuclear...Ch. 15 - Make a sketch of the Sun’s atmosphere showing the...Ch. 15 - Why do sunspots look dark?Ch. 15 - Which aspects of the Sun’s activity cycle have a...Ch. 15 - Summarize the evidence indicating that over...Ch. 15 - What it the Zeeman effect and what does it tell us...Ch. 15 - Explain how the theory of the Sun’s dynamo results...Ch. 15 - Compare and contrast the four different types of...Ch. 15 - What are the two sources of particles coming from...
Ch. 15 - How does activity on the Sun affect human...Ch. 15 - How does activity on the Sun affect natural...Ch. 15 - Table 15.1 indicates that the density of the Sun...Ch. 15 - Starting from the core of the Sun and going...Ch. 15 - Since the rotation period of the Sun can be...Ch. 15 - Suppose an (extremely hypothetical) elongated...Ch. 15 - The text explains that plages are found near...Ch. 15 - Why would a flare be observed in visible light,...Ch. 15 - How can the prominences, which are so big and...Ch. 15 - If you were concerned about space weather and...Ch. 15 - Suppose you live in northern Canada and an...Ch. 15 - The edge of the Sun doesn’t have to be absolutely...Ch. 15 - Show that the statement that 92% of the Sun’s...Ch. 15 - From Doppler shifts of the spectral lines in the...Ch. 15 - Assuming an average sunspot cycle of 11 years, how...Ch. 15 - This chapter gives the average sunspot cycle as 11...Ch. 15 - The escape velocity from any astronomical object...Ch. 15 - Suppose you observe a major solar flare while...Ch. 15 - Suppose an eruptive prominence rises at a speed of...Ch. 15 - From the information in Figure 15.21, estimate the...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Starting from the core of the Sun and going outward, the temperature decreases. Yet, above the photosphere, the temperature increases. How can this be?arrow_forwardDescribe what the Sun would look like from Earth if the entire photosphere were the same temperature as a sunspot.arrow_forwardHow does energy makes its way from the nuclear core of the Sun to its atmosphere? Choose the correct order for each layer. → O radiative zone, convection zone, photosphere, chromosphere, transition region, corona O convection zone, radiative zone, chromosphere, photosphere, transition region, corona convection zone, radiative zone, photosphere, chromosphere, transition region, corona O radiative zone, convection zone, chromosphere, transition region, photosphere, corona O radiative zone, convection zone, chromosphere, photosphere, transition region, corona #m с d $ 4 e 30 f % 5 t g bo 6 M 7 & 7 h O u 8 9arrow_forward
- From which atmospheric layer of the Sun did the photons originate that resulted in sunburn? How do you know?arrow_forward62. Pressure of the Photosphere. The gas pressure of the photosphere changes substantially from its upper levels to its lower levels. Near the top of the photosphere, the temperature is about 4500 K and there are about 1.6 x 1016 gas particles per cubic centimeter. In the middle, the temperature is about 5800 K and there are about 1.0 x 10" gas particles per cubic centimeter. At the bottom of the photosphere, the temperature is about 7000 K and there are about 1.5 × 10" gas particles per cubic centimeter. Use the ideal gas law (Mathematical Insight 14.2) to compare the pressures of each of these layers; explain the reason for the trend that you find. How do these gas pressures compare with Earth's atmospheric pressure at sea level?arrow_forwardMeridional is derived from meridian. Look up the definition of meridian; what is the direction of solar meridional flow?arrow_forward
- Make a sketch of the Sun’s atmosphere showing the locations of the photosphere, chromosphere, and corona. What is the approximate temperature of each of these regions?arrow_forwardSuppose an eruptive prominence rises at a speed of 150 km/s. If it does not change speed, how far from the photosphere will it extend after 3 hours? How does this distance compare with the diameter of Earth?arrow_forwardWhat do measurements of the number of neutrinos emitted by the Sun tell us about conditions deep in the solar interior?arrow_forward
- If a sunspot has a temperature of 4200 K and the average solar photosphere has a temperature of 5780 K, how much more energy is emitted in 1 second from a square meter of the photosphere compared to a square meter of the sunspot? (Hint: Use the Stefan-Boltzmann law, Eq. 7-1.)arrow_forwardThe radius of the Sun is 0.7 million km. What percentage of the radius is taken up by the chromosphere? (Hint: Refer to Figure 8-1.)arrow_forwardNeutrinos produced in the core of the Sun carry energy to its exterior. Is the mechanism for this energy transport conduction, convection, or radiation?arrow_forward
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