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Concept explainers
To review:
The role played by the target-specifying signals in guiding the synapse remodeling, later in life.
Introduction:
Synapse is defined as a specialized junction formed by the axon with its target (either a muscle cell or another neuron). The presynaptic neuron releases the chemical neurotransmitter which depolarize or hyperpolarize the membrane of postsynaptic cell (target cell). The formation of the synapse is regulated by a number of factors, and involves several steps. The studies based on mammalian development shows that all muscles are innervated by at least two axons. The accumulation of neurotransmitter containing synaptic vesicle in axon terminal, leads the filling of synaptic cleft by an extracellular matrix containing a specific form of laminin. This laminin may acts as a “stop signal” for further axonal growth. Neuron to neuron synapse is regulated by several signals like N-cadherin, neurotrophin etc.
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Chapter 15 Solutions
Developmental Biology
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- You inject morpholino oligonucleotides that inhibit the translation of follistatin, chordin, and noggin (FCN) at the 1 cell stage of a frog embryo. What is the effect on neurulation in the resulting embryo? Propose an experiment that would rescue an embryo injected with FCN morpholinos.arrow_forwardParticipants will be asked to create a meme regarding a topic relevant to the department of Geography, Geomatics, and Environmental Studies. Prompt: Using an online art style of your choice, please make a meme related to the study of Geography, Environment, or Geomatics.arrow_forwardPlekhg5 functions in bottle cell formation, and Shroom3 functions in neural plate closure, yet the phenotype of injecting mRNA of each into the animal pole of a fertilized egg is very similar. What is the phenotype, and why is the phenotype so similar? Is the phenotype going to be that there is a disruption of the formation of the neural tube for both of these because bottle cell formation is necessary for the neural plate to fold in forming the neural tube and Shroom3 is further needed to close the neural plate? So since both Plekhg5 and Shroom3 are used in forming the neural tube, injecting the mRNA will just lead to neural tube deformity?arrow_forward
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