Chapter 15, Problem 88QRT

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The relative concentrations of aniline and anilinium chloride required to prepare a buffer with $\text{pH}=5.0$ has to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

The buffer is a solution that resists any change in pH on addition of ${\text{H}}^{+}$ and ${\text{OH}}^{-}$.  An acidic buffer is made up of a weak acid and its salt.  A basic buffer is made up of a weak base and its salt.  The formula to calculate the $\text{pH}$ of the basic buffer is shown below.

  $\text{pH}=14-\text{p}{K}_{\text{b}}+\log \frac{\left[\text{B}\right]}{\left[{\text{BH}}^{+}\right]}$