Which type of nutrient medium would a double mutant with argG and argE grow on. Introduction: Beadle and Tatum selected Neurospora crassa , the bread mold for their experiments. They allowed the growth of cultures in a nutrient-rich medium and then subcultured individual fungal cells by placing them on minimal medium. This process enables the identification of cells that lost the capability to synthesize compounds essential for growth. They aimed to study the capability to synthesize arginine amino acid.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 1DA

Summary Introduction

To determine: Which type of nutrient medium would a double mutant with argG and argE grow on.

Introduction: Beadle and Tatum selected Neurospora crassa, the bread mold for their experiments. They allowed the growth of cultures in a nutrient-rich medium and then subcultured individual fungal cells by placing them on minimal medium. This process enables the identification of cells that lost the capability to synthesize compounds essential for growth. They aimed to study the capability to synthesize arginine amino acid.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Beadle and Tatum selected mutants that can survive and grow on minimal medium with arginine. This resulted in a set of independent mutants that cannot synthesize arginine, and each of these mutants could be mapped genetically to different chromosomal positions. This research described four genes, namely argE, argF, argG, and argH. The specific lesion in each mutant can be determined by adding specific intermediates in the arginine biosynthesis pathway. Growth should be observed if the mutation influences the enzyme that occurs earlier in the biochemical pathway than the intermediate added to the minimal medium. No growth should be observed if the mutation influences an enzymatic step that occurs after the intermediate added.

The ArgE mutants are obstructed at the first step in the pathway. Therefore, the double mutant strain with argG and argE would grow only on nutrient medium supplemented with all the reaction intermediates.

Summary Introduction

To describe: What can a double mutant say about the order of the genes.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Generally, these types of double mutants enable researchers to conclude which gene exists first in the pathway. The double mutant will appear like an organism with a mutation at the initial point in the biological pathway.

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Let’s suppose you make a transposon library of the cellulose-secreting bacterium Komagataeibacter xylinus, with the goal of finding mutants that produce higher than normal amounts of cellulose, which would be useful industrially. However, despite your best efforts you are unable to isolate any transposon mutants that make more cellulose than the wild-type strain.Why might this have failed? List as many reasons as you can think of.

From an Escherichia coli strain, five Hfr strains were isolated. The location and orientation of the transfer origin of each Hfr strain is shown in Figure 1. You want to use these five strains to map the locus responsible for thiamine synthesis, called thi. Each Hfr strain is sensitive to rifampicin (Rifs) and thi*. Conjugation experiments are performed between each of the Hfr strains and an F strain Rif Thi™. 0 T leu 10 20 T nadD pyrC trp 40 T his 60 70 2) The results are shown in the following table: Donor strain Hfr1 Hfr2 Hfr3 Hfr4 Hfr5 cysG 80 90 1) What is the selection medium used in these conjugation experiments metA Colonies Thi+ 1000 0 400 0 25 100 Hfr1 Hfr2 Figure 1: Chromosome map of Escherichia coli. Five Hfr strains (Hfr1 to Hfr5) were isolated and the location and orientation of the origin of transfer is shown by the arrows in each Hfr strain. Distances in minutes are shown. Leu: leucine biosynthesis; nadD: NAD biosynthesis; pyrC: pyrimidine biosynthesis; trp: tryptophan…

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 1DA

Summary Introduction

To determine: Which type of nutrient medium would a double mutant with argG and argE grow on.

Introduction: Beadle and Tatum selected Neurospora crassa, the bread mold for their experiments. They allowed the growth of cultures in a nutrient-rich medium and then subcultured individual fungal cells by placing them on minimal medium. This process enables the identification of cells that lost the capability to synthesize compounds essential for growth. They aimed to study the capability to synthesize arginine amino acid.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Beadle and Tatum selected mutants that can survive and grow on minimal medium with arginine. This resulted in a set of independent mutants that cannot synthesize arginine, and each of these mutants could be mapped genetically to different chromosomal positions. This research described four genes, namely argE, argF, argG, and argH. The specific lesion in each mutant can be determined by adding specific intermediates in the arginine biosynthesis pathway. Growth should be observed if the mutation influences the enzyme that occurs earlier in the biochemical pathway than the intermediate added to the minimal medium. No growth should be observed if the mutation influences an enzymatic step that occurs after the intermediate added.

The ArgE mutants are obstructed at the first step in the pathway. Therefore, the double mutant strain with argG and argE would grow only on nutrient medium supplemented with all the reaction intermediates.

Summary Introduction

To describe: What can a double mutant say about the order of the genes.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Generally, these types of double mutants enable researchers to conclude which gene exists first in the pathway. The double mutant will appear like an organism with a mutation at the initial point in the biological pathway.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 1DA

Summary Introduction

To determine: Which type of nutrient medium would a double mutant with argG and argE grow on.

Introduction: Beadle and Tatum selected Neurospora crassa, the bread mold for their experiments. They allowed the growth of cultures in a nutrient-rich medium and then subcultured individual fungal cells by placing them on minimal medium. This process enables the identification of cells that lost the capability to synthesize compounds essential for growth. They aimed to study the capability to synthesize arginine amino acid.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Beadle and Tatum selected mutants that can survive and grow on minimal medium with arginine. This resulted in a set of independent mutants that cannot synthesize arginine, and each of these mutants could be mapped genetically to different chromosomal positions. This research described four genes, namely argE, argF, argG, and argH. The specific lesion in each mutant can be determined by adding specific intermediates in the arginine biosynthesis pathway. Growth should be observed if the mutation influences the enzyme that occurs earlier in the biochemical pathway than the intermediate added to the minimal medium. No growth should be observed if the mutation influences an enzymatic step that occurs after the intermediate added.

The ArgE mutants are obstructed at the first step in the pathway. Therefore, the double mutant strain with argG and argE would grow only on nutrient medium supplemented with all the reaction intermediates.

Summary Introduction

To describe: What can a double mutant say about the order of the genes.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Generally, these types of double mutants enable researchers to conclude which gene exists first in the pathway. The double mutant will appear like an organism with a mutation at the initial point in the biological pathway.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 1DA

Summary Introduction

To determine: Which type of nutrient medium would a double mutant with argG and argE grow on.

Introduction: Beadle and Tatum selected Neurospora crassa, the bread mold for their experiments. They allowed the growth of cultures in a nutrient-rich medium and then subcultured individual fungal cells by placing them on minimal medium. This process enables the identification of cells that lost the capability to synthesize compounds essential for growth. They aimed to study the capability to synthesize arginine amino acid.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Beadle and Tatum selected mutants that can survive and grow on minimal medium with arginine. This resulted in a set of independent mutants that cannot synthesize arginine, and each of these mutants could be mapped genetically to different chromosomal positions. This research described four genes, namely argE, argF, argG, and argH. The specific lesion in each mutant can be determined by adding specific intermediates in the arginine biosynthesis pathway. Growth should be observed if the mutation influences the enzyme that occurs earlier in the biochemical pathway than the intermediate added to the minimal medium. No growth should be observed if the mutation influences an enzymatic step that occurs after the intermediate added.

The ArgE mutants are obstructed at the first step in the pathway. Therefore, the double mutant strain with argG and argE would grow only on nutrient medium supplemented with all the reaction intermediates.

Summary Introduction

To describe: What can a double mutant say about the order of the genes.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Generally, these types of double mutants enable researchers to conclude which gene exists first in the pathway. The double mutant will appear like an organism with a mutation at the initial point in the biological pathway.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 15, Problem 1DA

Summary Introduction

To determine: Which type of nutrient medium would a double mutant with argG and argE grow on.

Introduction: Beadle and Tatum selected Neurospora crassa, the bread mold for their experiments. They allowed the growth of cultures in a nutrient-rich medium and then subcultured individual fungal cells by placing them on minimal medium. This process enables the identification of cells that lost the capability to synthesize compounds essential for growth. They aimed to study the capability to synthesize arginine amino acid.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Beadle and Tatum selected mutants that can survive and grow on minimal medium with arginine. This resulted in a set of independent mutants that cannot synthesize arginine, and each of these mutants could be mapped genetically to different chromosomal positions. This research described four genes, namely argE, argF, argG, and argH. The specific lesion in each mutant can be determined by adding specific intermediates in the arginine biosynthesis pathway. Growth should be observed if the mutation influences the enzyme that occurs earlier in the biochemical pathway than the intermediate added to the minimal medium. No growth should be observed if the mutation influences an enzymatic step that occurs after the intermediate added.

The ArgE mutants are obstructed at the first step in the pathway. Therefore, the double mutant strain with argG and argE would grow only on nutrient medium supplemented with all the reaction intermediates.

Summary Introduction

To describe: What can a double mutant say about the order of the genes.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Generally, these types of double mutants enable researchers to conclude which gene exists first in the pathway. The double mutant will appear like an organism with a mutation at the initial point in the biological pathway.

Answer 6

Chapter 15, Problem 1DA

Summary Introduction

To determine: Which type of nutrient medium would a double mutant with argG and argE grow on.

Introduction: Beadle and Tatum selected Neurospora crassa, the bread mold for their experiments. They allowed the growth of cultures in a nutrient-rich medium and then subcultured individual fungal cells by placing them on minimal medium. This process enables the identification of cells that lost the capability to synthesize compounds essential for growth. They aimed to study the capability to synthesize arginine amino acid.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Beadle and Tatum selected mutants that can survive and grow on minimal medium with arginine. This resulted in a set of independent mutants that cannot synthesize arginine, and each of these mutants could be mapped genetically to different chromosomal positions. This research described four genes, namely argE, argF, argG, and argH. The specific lesion in each mutant can be determined by adding specific intermediates in the arginine biosynthesis pathway. Growth should be observed if the mutation influences the enzyme that occurs earlier in the biochemical pathway than the intermediate added to the minimal medium. No growth should be observed if the mutation influences an enzymatic step that occurs after the intermediate added.

The ArgE mutants are obstructed at the first step in the pathway. Therefore, the double mutant strain with argG and argE would grow only on nutrient medium supplemented with all the reaction intermediates.

Answer 7

Chapter 15, Problem 1DA

Summary Introduction

To determine: Which type of nutrient medium would a double mutant with argG and argE grow on.

Introduction: Beadle and Tatum selected Neurospora crassa, the bread mold for their experiments. They allowed the growth of cultures in a nutrient-rich medium and then subcultured individual fungal cells by placing them on minimal medium. This process enables the identification of cells that lost the capability to synthesize compounds essential for growth. They aimed to study the capability to synthesize arginine amino acid.

Answer 8

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Beadle and Tatum selected mutants that can survive and grow on minimal medium with arginine. This resulted in a set of independent mutants that cannot synthesize arginine, and each of these mutants could be mapped genetically to different chromosomal positions. This research described four genes, namely argE, argF, argG, and argH. The specific lesion in each mutant can be determined by adding specific intermediates in the arginine biosynthesis pathway. Growth should be observed if the mutation influences the enzyme that occurs earlier in the biochemical pathway than the intermediate added to the minimal medium. No growth should be observed if the mutation influences an enzymatic step that occurs after the intermediate added.

The ArgE mutants are obstructed at the first step in the pathway. Therefore, the double mutant strain with argG and argE would grow only on nutrient medium supplemented with all the reaction intermediates.

Answer 9

Expert Solution

Answer 10

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Summary Introduction

To describe: What can a double mutant say about the order of the genes.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Generally, these types of double mutants enable researchers to conclude which gene exists first in the pathway. The double mutant will appear like an organism with a mutation at the initial point in the biological pathway.

Answer 13

Summary Introduction

To describe: What can a double mutant say about the order of the genes.

Answer 14

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Generally, these types of double mutants enable researchers to conclude which gene exists first in the pathway. The double mutant will appear like an organism with a mutation at the initial point in the biological pathway.