Chapter 15, Problem 19RQ

To determine

The electrons that is most responsible for the properties of an atom

Answer to Problem 19RQ

The outermost shell electrons are most responsible for the properties of an atom.

Explanation of Solution

The number of protons contributes to the mass of an atom with the number of neutrons. The protons provide a positive charge to the nucleus and are used in the classification and identification of elements in the periodic table.

The electrons revolve in discrete energy levels around the nucleus. The outermost electrons, also known as valence electrons of an atom, are the ones that take part in a chemical reaction and the ionization energy required to remove the electrons from the outermost shell is very low as compared to other shells of an atom. So, outermost shell electrons decide the properties of an atom.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the outermost shell electrons are most responsible for the properties of an atom.