Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The reason as to why
Concept introduction:
Allenes are the compounds in which two adjacent double bonds share a common carbon atom. These are also known as cumulative dienes. Cumulative dienes are different from conjugated dienes because conjugated dienes comprise double bonds separated by one single bond. Stereoisomers are divided into two categories diastereomers and enantiomers. The compounds that are superimposable mirror image of each other are known as enantiomers. The compounds that are non-mirror images or not identical to each other are known as diastereomers.
(b)
Interpretation:
The reason as to why
Concept introduction:
Allenes are the compounds in which two adjacent double bonds share a common carbon atom. These are also known as cumulative dienes. Cumulative dienes are different from conjugated dienes because conjugated dienes comprise double bonds separated by one single bond. Stereoisomers are divided into two categories diastereomers and enantiomers. The compounds that are superimposable of each other are known as enantiomers. The compounds that are non-mirror images or not identical to each other are known as diastereomers.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 15 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- (a) Cyclohexa-1,3-diene can be converted into a tetrasubstituted haloalkane when reacted with bromine in ether. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction that occurs and state the expected observation. (b) Compound A and B are alkenes with the same molecular formula C5H10. Compound A is a branched-chain alkene while compound B is a straight-chain alkene. The reaction between compound A with hydrogen bromide produces major product C which is optically active. (i) Draw TWO (2) possible structures for compound B. (ii) Outline the mechanism for the reaction between compound A with hydrogen bromide to form major product C. (iii) Name the product formed when compound A undergoes bromination reaction.arrow_forwardExplain why :(a) The dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than that of cyclohexyl chloride.(b) Alkyl halides, though polar, are immiscible with water.arrow_forwardGive reasons: (a) n-Butyl bromide has higher boiling point than f-butyl bromide. (b) Racemic mixture is optically inactive. (c) The presence of nitro group (-N02) at o/p positions increases the reactivity of haloarenes towards nucleophilic substitution reactionsarrow_forward
- Account for the following :(i) Primary amines (R-NH2) have higher boiling point than tertiary amines (R3N).(ii) Aniline does not undergo Friedel – Crafts reaction.(iii) (CH3)2NH is more basic than (CH3)3N in an aqueous solution.arrow_forward(a) The Friedel-Crafts reaction of benzene with 2-chloro-3-methylbutane in the presence of AlCl3 occurs with a carbocation rearrangement. Give mechanistic explanation and the product formed. (b) Predict the product(s) will be formed from the following reactions: (i) Bromination of p-methylbenzoic acid (ii) Sulphonation of m-bromoanisole (iii) Friedel-craft acylation of o-bromonitrobenzenearrow_forwardGive reasons for the following:(i) Aniline does not undergo Friedal-Crafts reaction.(ii) (CH3)2 NH is more basic than (CH3)3 N in an aqueous solution.(iii) Primary amines have higher boiling point than tertiary amines.arrow_forward
- For each pair of compounds, predict which one has the higher molecular dipole moment, and explain your reasoning.(a) cis-1,2-dichlorocyclobutane or trans-1,3-dichlorocyclobutanearrow_forward(c) (i) (ii) Explain what is meant by the trans effect. Using the trans effect, give a synthesis of trans-[PtCl₂(py)(PPhy)] from [PtCL]². [py = CsHsN = pyridine]arrow_forwardStarting with 2-methylpropene, outline a synthesis of (a) (CH3)3COH (b) (CH3)2C(OH)CH2Brarrow_forward
- Explain the following observations :(i) The boiling point of ethanol is higher than that of methoxymethane.(ii) Phenol is more acidic than ethanol.(iii) o- and p-nitrophenols are more acidic than phenol.arrow_forward. [10]-Annulene may be represented by the following isomeric structures. (a) Say whether any of these is aromatic or not, and explain your answer. (b) If [10]-annulene were to be disubstituted with methyl groups at positions C1 & C6, which of the two structures would be preferred and why? (c) If C1 & C6 were linked (i) directly to each other or (ii) through a methylene group, would you expect any aromaticity from the resulting compounds. If not, why? And if so to what degree?arrow_forward(d) Ozonolysis of 3,4-dimethyl-3-hexene gives compound D. (i) Write the reaction step for the formation of D by including the appropriate reagents. (ii) The mass spectrum of compound D shows a fragment ion peak at m/z 57. Propose the structure of this fragment ion. (ii) Identify the more stable resonance of the proposed structure in (ii).arrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY