Physical Chemistry
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781133958437
Author: Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher: Wadsworth Cengage Learning,
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Chapter 15, Problem 15.43E
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1,3,5-Hexatriene (a kind of ‘linear’ benzene) was converted into benzene itself. On the basis of a free-electron molecular orbital model (in which hexatriene is treated as a linear box and benzene as a ring), would you expect the lowest energy absorption to rise or fall in energy as a result of the conversion?
(a) Draw a rough schematic of the series of resonances corresponding to a vibrational transition
for a diatomic. Label the P and R branches, explain what the difference is between them, and
indicate what the spacing is between the resonance lines.
(b) What is the main information about a diatomic molecule that one can obtain from vibrational
and rotational transition frequencies (assuming that the reduced mass is known)?
(hydrogen iodide, the superscripts represent the atomic mass number)
(a) How fast will HI molecules rotate at the quantized rotational state with the rotational quantun number J of 2, given the bond length of 0.161 nim?
(b) Calculate the effective force constant of the vibrational mode of HI at a wavenumber of 2300 cm' measured by infrared absorption spectrum.
(c) HI has the bond energy of 3.06 eV. Applying the parabolic approximation to estimate the longest distance in which H and I atoms can be stretched before the dissociation of the molecular bond
Chapter 15 Solutions
Physical Chemistry
Ch. 15 - Linearly polarized light can be assigned a...Ch. 15 - Linearly polarized light can be assigned a...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.3ECh. 15 - Determine the value of R for deuterium (2H) and...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.5ECh. 15 - Draw a Grotrian-type diagram for the first four...Ch. 15 - What is the value of the change in energy, E, for...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.8ECh. 15 - List the possible values of L, ML, S, MS, J, and...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.10E
Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.11ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.12ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.13ECh. 15 - What is the term symbol for the ground state of a...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.15ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.16ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.17ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.18ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.19ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.20ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.21ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.22ECh. 15 - Use Hunds rules to predict the term symbol of the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.24ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.25ECh. 15 - An Mg atom is in the excited electron...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.27ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.28ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.29ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.30ECh. 15 - Use group-theoretical arguments to determine the...Ch. 15 - The GeF molecule, which exists in the gas phase at...Ch. 15 - The SrH molecule in a 2+ electronic ground state....Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.34ECh. 15 - What are the values of and for NF in its 3...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.36ECh. 15 - Determine the ground-state term symbol of the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.38ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.39ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.40ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.41ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.42ECh. 15 - The 1, 1'-diethyl-2, 2'-dicarbocyanine cation has...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.44ECh. 15 - Naphthacene, C18H12, consists of four benzene...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.46ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.47ECh. 15 - Construct the Hckel determinants for...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.49ECh. 15 - Using the Internet, find a Hckel determinant...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.51ECh. 15 - Explain why cyclopentadiene easily accepts an...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.53ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.54ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.55ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.56ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.57ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.58ECh. 15 - Would the light from fireflies be considered an...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.60ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.61ECh. 15 - Prob. 15.62ECh. 15 - How many 632.8-nm photons must a He-Ne laser emit...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.64ECh. 15 - Green He-Ne lasers are also available; they emit...Ch. 15 - Blu-ray disks and high-density DVDs use an indium...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.67ECh. 15 - Explain why X-ray lasers would be extremely...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.69E
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- The line marked A in Fig. 11.5 is the fluorescence spectrum of benzophenone in solid solution in ethanol at low temperatures observed when the sample is illuminated with 360 nm ultraviolet radiation. What can be said about the vibrational energy levels of the carbonyl group in (i) its ground electronic state and (ii) its excited electronic state?arrow_forwardThe hydrogen hal ides have the following fundamental vibrational wavenumbers: HF HCI HBr HIv/cm-1 4138 2992 2649 2308(a) Calculate the force constants of the hydrogen-halogen bonds. (b) Predict the fundamental vibrational wavenumbers of the deuterium hal ides.arrow_forwardA molecule absorbs radiation of frequency 3.00x1014 Hz. What is the energy difference between the molecular energy states involved?arrow_forward
- Predict the shape of the nitronium ion, NO2+, from its Lewis structure and the VSEPR model. It has one Raman active vibrational mode at 1400 cm−1, two strong IR active modes at 2360 and 540 cm−1, and one weak IR mode at 3735 cm−1. Are these data consistent with the predicted shape of the molecule? Assign the vibrational wavenumbers to the modes from which they arise.arrow_forwardExplain why the lines in the spectrum for H35Cl and H37Cl give rise to different rotational constants for the two molecules.arrow_forwardIn comparing fluorescence spectroscopy to UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, which of the statements is true? Fluorescence measurements are more precise and less noisy because only the intensity of the emitted light is measured. Fluorescence measurements do not suffer deviations from linearity like absorbance measurements do. Fluorescence measurements have better detection limits because at low concentrations a low intensity emission signal is being measured against a low intensity background signal. O Fluorescence instruments are less expensive than absorption measurements.arrow_forward
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