Concept explainers
(A)
To explain: The appropriate analogy if an ATP synthase making ATP can be likened to how a water-driven turbine producing electricity works in the opposite direction.
Concept introduction: Adenosine tri phosphate (ADP), which is formed from ADP, is synthesized by an enzyme called ATP synthase. It has rotational motor mechanisms and consists of two subunits:
(B)
To explain: The conditions which cause the ATP synthase to stall, running neither forward nor backward.
Concept introduction: Adenosine tri phosphate (ADP), which is formed from ADP, is synthesized by an enzyme called ATP synthase. It has rotational motor mechanisms and consists of two subunits:
(C)
To determine: The direction in which ATP synthase operates.
Concept introduction: Adenosine tri phosphate (ADP), which is formed from ADP, is synthesized by an enzyme called ATP synthase. It has rotational motor mechanisms and consists of two subunits:
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