Pearson eText for College Physics: Explore and Apply -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780137443000
Author: Eugenia Etkina, Gorazd Planinsic
Publisher: PEARSON+
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Chapter 14, Problem 4MCQ
To determine
The correct answer, which validates the use of Bernoulli’s principle to explain air going up the chimney of a house from the following options:
(a) Air blowing across the top of the chimney reduces the pressure above the chimney.
(b) The air above the chimney attracts the ashes.
(c) The hot ashes seek the cooler outside air.
(d) The gravitation potential energy is lower above the chimney.
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Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 14 Solutions
Pearson eText for College Physics: Explore and Apply -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Ch. 14 - Prob. 1RQCh. 14 - Prob. 2RQCh. 14 - Prob. 3RQCh. 14 - Prob. 4RQCh. 14 - Prob. 5RQCh. 14 - Review Question 14.6 Describe some of the...Ch. 14 - Review Question 14.7 When a skydiver falls at...Ch. 14 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 14 - A river flows downstream and widens, and the flow...Ch. 14 - Prob. 3MCQ
Ch. 14 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 14 - 5. As a river approaches a dam, the width of the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 14 - What is viscous flow? a. A physical phenomenon b....Ch. 14 - 8. The heart does about 1 J of work pumping blood...Ch. 14 - Several air bubbles are present in water flowing...Ch. 14 - A small metal ball is released from just below the...Ch. 14 - 11. A small metal ball is launched downward from...Ch. 14 - You have two identical large jugs with small holes...Ch. 14 - 13. Why does much of the pressure drop in the...Ch. 14 - If you partly close the end of a hose with your...Ch. 14 - Compare and contrast work-energy bar charts, which...Ch. 14 - Consider Bernoulli's equation, Poiseuille's law,...Ch. 14 - You need a liquid that will exhibit turbulent flow...Ch. 14 - Watering plants You water flowers outside your...Ch. 14 - 2. Irrigation canal You live neat an irrigation...Ch. 14 - Prob. 3PCh. 14 - 4. The main waterline for a neighborhood delivers...Ch. 14 - Prob. 5PCh. 14 - Prob. 6PCh. 14 - Represent the process sketched in Figure P14.7...Ch. 14 - * Represent the process sketched in Figure P14.8...Ch. 14 - 9. Fluid flow Problem Write a symbolic equation...Ch. 14 - Prob. 10PCh. 14 - Prob. 11PCh. 14 - Prob. 12PCh. 14 - 13. An application of Bernoulli’s equation is...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14PCh. 14 - Prob. 15PCh. 14 - * Wine flow from barrel While visiting a winery,...Ch. 14 - Water flow in city water system Water is pumped at...Ch. 14 - * The pressure of water flowing through a...Ch. 14 - * Siphoning water You want to siphon rainwater and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 20PCh. 14 - * BIO Blood flow In artery Blood flows at an...Ch. 14 - Prob. 22PCh. 14 - Prob. 23PCh. 14 - 24. * BIO Flutter in blood vessel A person has a ...Ch. 14 - 25. * BIO Effect of smoking on arteriole radius...Ch. 14 - Prob. 26PCh. 14 - 27. * You have a U-shaped tube open at both ends....Ch. 14 - Prob. 28PCh. 14 - Prob. 29PCh. 14 - Prob. 30PCh. 14 - Prob. 31PCh. 14 - Prob. 32PCh. 14 - 33. * BIO Blood flow through capillaries Your...Ch. 14 - Prob. 34PCh. 14 - * A piston pushes 20C water through a horizontal...Ch. 14 - Prob. 36PCh. 14 - * A syringe is filled with water and fixed at the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 38PCh. 14 - 39. * EST Air drag when biking Estimate the drag...Ch. 14 - Prob. 41PCh. 14 - * EST Earth exerts a constant downward force of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 43PCh. 14 - *Terminal speed of balloon A balloon of mass m...Ch. 14 - You observe four different liquids (listed with...Ch. 14 - Prob. 48GPCh. 14 - 50. ** Viscous friction with Bernoulli We can...Ch. 14 - 51. ** (a) Show that the work W done per unit time...Ch. 14 - Prob. 52GPCh. 14 - 53. ** BIO Essential hypertension Suppose your...Ch. 14 - Prob. 54GPCh. 14 - A 0.20-m-radius balloon falls at terminal speed 40...Ch. 14 - 56. ** Terminal speed of skier A skier going down...Ch. 14 - kg/m3 is placed in a 20C lake Determine the...Ch. 14 - 58. ** EST Comet crash On June 30, 1908, a...Ch. 14 - EST Intravenous (IV) feeding A patient in the...Ch. 14 - EST Intravenous (IV) feeding A patient in the...Ch. 14 - EST Intravenous (IV) feeding A patient in the...Ch. 14 - EST Intravenous (IV) feeding A patient in the...Ch. 14 - EST Intravenous (IV) feeding A patient in the...Ch. 14 - EST Intravenous (IV) feeding A patient in the...Ch. 14 - EST Intravenous (IV) feeding A patient in the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 66RPPCh. 14 - Prob. 67RPPCh. 14 - Prob. 68RPPCh. 14 - Prob. 69RPPCh. 14 - Which number below best represents the ratio of...
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- (a) Find the average time required for an oxygen molecule to diffuse through a 0.200-mm-thick tear layer on the cornea. (b) How much time is required to diffuse 0.500 cm3 of oxygen to the cornea if its surface area is 1.00 cm2?arrow_forward(a) How high will water rise in a glass capillary tube with a 0.500-mm radius? (b) How much gravitational potential energy does the water gain? (c) Discuss possible sources of this energy.arrow_forwardYou are working as an expert witness for the owner of a skyscraper complex in a downtown area. The owner is being sued by pedestrians on the streets below his buildings who were injured by falling glass when windows popped outward from the sides of the building. The Bernoulli effect can have important consequences for windows in such buildings. For example, wind can blow around a skyscraper at remarkably high speed, creating low pressure on the outside surface of the windows. The higher atmospheric pressure in the still air inside the buildings can cause windows to pop out. (a) In your research into the case, you find some overhead views of your clients project, as shown below. The project includes two tall skyscrapers and some park area on a square plot. Plan (i) (Fig. P14.26(i), page 382) was submitted by the original architects and planners. At the last minute, the owner decided he didnt want the park grounds to be divided into two areas and submitted Plan (ii) (Fig. P14.26(ii), which is the way the project was built. Explain to your client why Plan (ii) is a much more dangerous situation in terms of windows popping out than Plan (i). (b) Your client is not convinced by your conceptual argument in part (a), so you provide a numerical argument. Suppose a horizontal wind blows with a speed of 11.2 m/s outside a large pane of plate glass with dimensions 4.00 m 1.50 m. Assume the density of the air to be constant at 1.20 kg/ m3. The air inside the building is at atmospheric pressure. Calculate the total force exerted by air on the windowpane for your client. (c) What If? To further convince your client of the problems with the building design, calculate the total force exerted by air on the windowpane if the wind speed between the buildings is 22.4 m/s, twice as high as in part (b). Figure P14.26arrow_forward
- The density of air is 1.3 kg/m3 at sea level. From your knowledge of air pressure at ground level, estimate the height of the atmosphere. As a simplifying assumption, take the atmosphere to be of uniform density up to some height, after which the density rapidly falls to zero. (In reality, the density of the atmosphere decreases as we go up.) (This question is courtesy or Edward F. Redish. For more questions of this type, see http://www.physics.umd.edu/perg/.)arrow_forwardIn the chapter on fluid mechanics, Bernoulli's equation for the flow of incompressible fluids was explained in terms of changes affecting a small volume dV of fluid. Such volumes are a fundamental idea in the study of the flow of compressible fluids such as gases as well. For the equations of hydrodynamics to apply, the mean free path must be much less than the linear size of such a volume, adV1/3 . For air in the stratosphere at a temperature of 220 K and a pressure of 5.8 kPa, how big should a be for it to be 100 times the mean free path? Take the effective radius of air molecules to be 1.881011 m, which is roughly correct for N2.arrow_forwardThe human brain and spinal cord are immersed in the cerebrospinal fluid. The fluid is normally continuous between the cranial and spinal cavities and exerts a pressure of 100 to 200 mm of H2O above the prevailing atmospheric pressure. In medical work, pressures are often measured in units of mm of H2O because body fluids, including the cerebrospinal fluid, typically have nearly the same density as water. The pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid can be measured by means of a spinal tap. A hollow tube is inserted into the spinal column, and the height lo which the fluid rises is observed, as shown in Figure P9.83. If the fluid ruses to a height of 160. mm, we write its gauge pressure as 160. mm H2O. (a) Express this pressure in pascals, in atmospheres, and in millimeters of mercury. (b) Sometimes it is necessary to determine whether an accident victim has suffered a crushed vertebra that is blocking the flow of cerebrospinal fluid in the spinal column. In other cases, a physician may suspect that a tumor or other growth is blocking the spinal column and inhibiting the flow of cerebrospinal fluid. Such conditions ran be investigated by means of the Queckensted test. In this procedure, the veins in the patients neck are compressed lo make the blood pressure rise in the brain. The increase in pressure in the blood vessels is transmitted to the cerebrospinal fluid. What should be the normal effect on the height of the fluid in the spinal tap? (c) Suppose compressing the veins had no effect on the level of the fluid. What might account for this phenomenon?arrow_forward
- (a) Verify that work input equals work output for a hydraulic system assuming no losses to friction. Do this by showing that the distance the output force moves is reduced by the same factor that the output force is increased. Assume the volume of the fluid is constant. (b) What effect would friction within the fluid and between components in the system have on the output force? How would this depend on whether or not the fluid is moving?arrow_forwardThe Bernoulli effect can have important consequences for the design of buildings. For example, wind can blow around a skyscraper at remarkably high speed, creating low pressure. The higher atmospheric pressure in the still air inside the buildings can cause windows to pop out. As originally constructed, the John Hancock Building in Boston popped windowpanes that fell many stories to the sidewalk below. (a) Suppose a horizontal wind blows with a speed of 11.2 m/s outside a large pane of plate glass with dimensions 4.00 m 1.50 m. Assume the density of the air to be constant at 1.20 kg/m3. The air inside the building is at atmospheric pressure. What is the total force exerted by air on the windowpane? (b) What If? If a second skyscraper is built nearby, the airspeed can be especially high where wind passes through the narrow separation between the buildings. Solve part (a) again with a wind speed of 22.4 m/s, twice as high.arrow_forward(a) The density of water at 0C is very nearly 1000kg/m3 (it is actually 999.84kg/m3 ), whereas the density of ice at 0C is 917kg/m3. Calculate the pressure necessary to keep ice from expanding when it freezes, neglecting the effect such a large pressure would have on the freezing temperature. (This problem gives you only an indication of how large the forces associated with freezing water might be.) (b) What are the implications of this result for biological cells that are frozen?arrow_forward
- The human brain and spinal cord are immersed in the cerebrospinal fluid. The fluid is normally continuous between the cranial and spinal cavities and exerts a pressure of 100 to 200 mm of H2O above the prevailing atmospheric pressure. In medical work, pressures are often measured in units of millimeters of H2O because body fluids, including the cerebrospinal fluid, typically have the same density as water. The pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid can be measured by means of a spinal tap as illustrated in Figure P14.8. A hollow tube is inserted into the spinal column, and the height to which the fluid rises is observed. If the fluid rises to a height of 160 mm, we write its gauge pressure as 160 mm H2O. (a) Express this pressure in pascals, in atmospheres, and in millimeters of mercury. (b) Some conditions that block or inhibit the flow of cerebrospinal fluid can be investigated by means of Queckenstedts test. In this procedure, the veins in the patients neck are compressed to make the blood pressure rise in the brain, which in turn should be transmitted to the cerebrospinal fluid. Explain how the level of fluid in the spinal tap can be used as a diagnostic tool for the condition of the patients spine. Figure P14.8arrow_forwardReview. To measure how far below the ocean surface a bird dives to catch a fish, a scientist uses a method originated by Lord Kelvin. He dusts the interiors of plastic tubes with powdered sugar and then seals one end of each tube. He captures the bird at nighttime in its nest and attaches a tube to its back. He then catches the same bird the next night and removes the tube. In one trial, using a tube 6.50 cm long, water washes away the sugar over a distance of 2.70cm from the open end of the tube. Find the greatest depth to which the bird dived, assuming the air in the tube stayed at constant temperature.arrow_forwardA frequently quoted rule of thumb in aircraft design is that wings should produce about 1000 N of lift per square meter of wing. (The fact that a wing has a top and bottom surface does not double its area.) (a) At takeoff, an aircraft travels at 60.0 m/s, so that the air speed relative to the bottom of the wing is 60.0 m/s. Given the sea level density of air to be 1.29 kg/m3, how fast must it move over the upper surface to create the ideal lift? (b) How fast must air move over the upper surface at a cruising speed of 245 m/s and at an altitude where air density is one-fourth that at sea level? (Note that this is not all of the aircraft's lift—some comes from the body of the plane, some from engine thrust, and so on. Furthermore, Bernoulli's principle gives an approximate answer because flow over the wing creates turbulence.)arrow_forward
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