Pearson eText Human Anatomy & Physiology -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780136873822
Author: Erin Amerman
Publisher: PEARSON+
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Textbook Question
Chapter 14, Problem 2CYR
Fill in the blanks: The sympathetic nervous system is also known as the ______division because the cell bodies of its preganglionic neurons are located in the __________.
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The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all autonomic ganglia and postganglionic neurons, but not to any preganglionic neurons, is the _____.
Classify the following characteristics to demonstrate your knowledge of differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic
divisions of the autonomic nervous system.
Sympathetic Nervous System
Most ganglia lie close to the
spinal cord and form two chains
of ganglia-one on each side of
the spinal cord
Increases intestinal motility
and stimulates intestinal
secretion
Postganglionic axons are
generally short
Preganglionic axons are
generally short
Postganglionic axons release
NE that binds to adrenergic
receptors located on the
effectors
Decreases heart rate,
contractility, and conduction
velocity
Ganglia lie within, or very
close to, innervated organs
Decreases intestinal motility
and inhibits intestinal
secretion
Long preganglionic axons
release ACh that binds to
nicotinic receptors located within
the ganglia
Neurons leave the CNS from
the thoracic and lumbar
regions of the spinal cord
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Generalized activation is
called the fight-or-flight
response…
The cell bodies of sympathetic preganglionic rHeurons are located in
O the dorsal root ganglia
the ventral horn
small neuronal clusters situated outside of target organs such as the intestines and kidne
the intermediolateral cell column of the spinal cord
Chapter 14 Solutions
Pearson eText Human Anatomy & Physiology -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Ch. 14.1 - What are the basic functions of the ANS?Ch. 14.1 - 2. What are autonomic ganglia?
Ch. 14.1 - How do somatic motor neurons and autonomic neurons...Ch. 14.1 - 4. What are preganglionic and postganglionic...Ch. 14.1 - What are the two divisions of the ANS?Ch. 14.1 - How are the two divisions of the ANS alike, and...Ch. 14.2 - 1. Where are the cell bodies of sympathetic...Ch. 14.2 - Where are the cell bodies of sympathetic...Ch. 14.2 - Which neurotransmitter(s) is (are) released by...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 4QC
Ch. 14.2 - Describe the effects of the sympathetic nervous...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 6QCCh. 14.3 - What is the basic function of the parasympathetic...Ch. 14.3 - Where are the preganglionic parasympathetic cell...Ch. 14.3 - How does the arrangement of neurons in the...Ch. 14.3 - 4. Which neurotransmitter is released by all...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 5QCCh. 14.3 - Prob. 6QCCh. 14.3 - Summarize the effects of the parasympathetic...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 1QCCh. 14.4 - Prob. 2QCCh. 14.4 - 3. What is autonomic tone?
Ch. 14.4 - How does the CNS mediate control over the ANS?Ch. 14 - Which of the following best describes the basic...Ch. 14 - 2. Fill in the blanks: The sympathetic nervous...Ch. 14 - 3. Sympathetic preganglionic neurons synapse:
a....Ch. 14 - Differentiate between adrenergic and cholinergic...Ch. 14 - Prob. 5CYRCh. 14 - Explain what happens when sympathetic neurons...Ch. 14 - Prob. 7CYRCh. 14 - Mark each of the following as an effect of the...Ch. 14 - Mark the following statements as true or false. If...Ch. 14 - 10. Fill in the blanks: _______receptors are...Ch. 14 - Parasympathetic ganglia are typically: a. located...Ch. 14 - Central nervous system control over the ANS is...Ch. 14 - 1. Using 20 or fewer words, define each of the...Ch. 14 - You are running a race to the top of a mountain....Ch. 14 - 3. Describe all the changes initiated by the...Ch. 14 - 1. Which cranial nerves would be affected by a...Ch. 14 - 2. A patient, Dr. Young, has both asthma and high...Ch. 14 - Mr. Chevalier has been diagnosed with Horner...Ch. 14 - Many chemical warfare agents, such as the...
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- All of the following are functions of the parasympathetic division of the nervous system EXCEPT ________.   constricting smooth muscles around arteries to raise blood pressure for exercise   causing the secretion of saliva   preparing the body for sexual activity   increasing peristalsis in the GI tractarrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a true statement about autonomic nervous system? Parasympathetic cell bodies are located in ganglia within (or near) their target tissues Preganglionic sympathetic neurons release acetylcholine Preganglionic parasympathetic neurons are located in the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord Most postganglionic sympathetic neurons release norepinephrinearrow_forwardCNS blood vessels are ___________ by neurons releasing __________ and __________ releasing prostaglandins.   constricted, nitric oxide, neurons   dilated, nitric oxide, astrocytes   strengthened, growth factor, microglia   strengthened, nitric oxide, oligodendrocytesarrow_forward
- This assignment is designed to get you thinking about the functions of some of the structures in the central and peripheral nervous system. Listed below are different symptoms or complications that can be attributed to something from the nervous system. List the specific structure that is most likely the root cause of the pathology. In addition, label which branch of the nervous system that structure is a part of (CNS or PNS). I suggest making a table with the pathology in one column, the affected structure in the next column, and the nervous system section in the final column. Two examples are below. It is possible that more than one answer could be correct. Pathology/Patient Specific Structure CNS or PNS? John’s eyes and optic nerve are in optimal condition, but he is still classified as legally blind. Primary Visual Cortex CNS Although Meredith is the CEO of Yankee Candle, she cannot smell a thing. She has no history of allergies and tested negative for COVID.…arrow_forwardIn the sympathetic division of the autonomic system: preganglionic neurons originate in the thoracolumbar segments of the cord the preganglionic neurons are unmyelinated the preganglionic neurons are long the neurotransmitter released by the preganglionic neurons is norepinephrinearrow_forwardLabel a comparison of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.  Part A Drag the correct label to the appropriate location to compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is not a ganglion found in the sympathetic nervous system. Question options: A adrenal medullae B sympathetic chain ganglia C collateral ganglia D celiac ganglionarrow_forwarddescribe three things about the autonomic nervous system (ANS)and In those three things, be sure to contrast the differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. Also, include what might happen if a portion of the ANS malfunctioned. "NOT A HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT"arrow_forwardNeurofibromatosis type 1 is a condition where tumours can grow in the nerves near the skin. The growth of tumours prevents the action potentials from quickly travelling through the neurons. Identify the nerve structure from the image below and the division of the nervous system affected by neurofibromatosis type 1. CNS = Central Nervous System PNS = Peripheral Nervous System  Select one: a. Nerve Structure Division of Nervous System 3 PNS b. Nerve Structure Division of Nervous System 4 CNS c. Nerve Structure Division of Nervous System 5 PNS d. Nerve Structure Division of Nervous System 1 CNSarrow_forward
- Fill in the blanks:Â When a nerve cell is at rest, there is a relatively greater concentration of _______________________ ions outsideof its membrane.arrow_forwardIn the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system: Select one: The ratio between the number of postganglionic and preganglionic neurons is small. A single preganglionic neuron usually synapses with a single postganglionic neuron. An important functional characteristic is convergence of the preganglionic fibers. Preganglionic fibers are usually much longer than the postganglionic fibers. Activity of the neurons tends to have a more generalized and widespread effect on the body.arrow_forwardall of the following apply to the autonomic nervous system except it operates on an involuntary basis it consists of sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions it does not include cranial nerves it is composed of preganglionic and postganglionic neuronsarrow_forward
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