FAD is known to be a stronger oxidant than NAD+ due to higher reduction potential. The oxidation of FADH 2 bound to the E 3 subunit in the last reaction of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by NAD+ should be explained. Concept introduction: The biological reactions in the system are not only dependent of the regular chemical mechanism or fundamentals. The reaction occurs as per the requirement sometimes violating the fundamental issues. The usual redox reaction is not at all valid for the biological system. Pictorial representation: a) b) Structure of (a)Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD), (b) Structure of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ( NAD + ).

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 19P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

FAD is known to be a stronger oxidant than NAD+ due to higher reduction potential. The oxidation of FADH₂bound to the E₃ subunit in the last reaction of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by NAD+ should be explained.

Concept introduction:

The biological reactions in the system are not only dependent of the regular chemical mechanism or fundamentals. The reaction occurs as per the requirement sometimes violating the fundamental issues. The usual redox reaction is not at all valid for the biological system.

Pictorial representation:

a) b)

Structure of (a)Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD), (b) Structure of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ( NAD+).

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 19P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

FAD is known to be a stronger oxidant than NAD+ due to higher reduction potential. The oxidation of FADH₂bound to the E₃ subunit in the last reaction of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by NAD+ should be explained.

Concept introduction:

The biological reactions in the system are not only dependent of the regular chemical mechanism or fundamentals. The reaction occurs as per the requirement sometimes violating the fundamental issues. The usual redox reaction is not at all valid for the biological system.

Pictorial representation:

a) b)

Structure of (a)Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD), (b) Structure of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ( NAD+).

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 19P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

FAD is known to be a stronger oxidant than NAD+ due to higher reduction potential. The oxidation of FADH₂bound to the E₃ subunit in the last reaction of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by NAD+ should be explained.

Concept introduction:

The biological reactions in the system are not only dependent of the regular chemical mechanism or fundamentals. The reaction occurs as per the requirement sometimes violating the fundamental issues. The usual redox reaction is not at all valid for the biological system.

Pictorial representation:

a) b)

Structure of (a)Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD), (b) Structure of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ( NAD+).

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 19P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

FAD is known to be a stronger oxidant than NAD+ due to higher reduction potential. The oxidation of FADH₂bound to the E₃ subunit in the last reaction of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by NAD+ should be explained.

Concept introduction:

The biological reactions in the system are not only dependent of the regular chemical mechanism or fundamentals. The reaction occurs as per the requirement sometimes violating the fundamental issues. The usual redox reaction is not at all valid for the biological system.

Pictorial representation:

a) b)

Structure of (a)Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD), (b) Structure of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ( NAD+).

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Answer 5

Chapter 14, Problem 19P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

FAD is known to be a stronger oxidant than NAD+ due to higher reduction potential. The oxidation of FADH₂bound to the E₃ subunit in the last reaction of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by NAD+ should be explained.

Concept introduction:

The biological reactions in the system are not only dependent of the regular chemical mechanism or fundamentals. The reaction occurs as per the requirement sometimes violating the fundamental issues. The usual redox reaction is not at all valid for the biological system.

Pictorial representation:

a) b)

Structure of (a)Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD), (b) Structure of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ( NAD+).

Answer 6

Chapter 14, Problem 19P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

FAD is known to be a stronger oxidant than NAD+ due to higher reduction potential. The oxidation of FADH₂bound to the E₃ subunit in the last reaction of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by NAD+ should be explained.

Concept introduction:

The biological reactions in the system are not only dependent of the regular chemical mechanism or fundamentals. The reaction occurs as per the requirement sometimes violating the fundamental issues. The usual redox reaction is not at all valid for the biological system.

Pictorial representation:

a) b)

Structure of (a)Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD), (b) Structure of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ( NAD+).

Answer 7

Chapter 14, Problem 19P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

FAD is known to be a stronger oxidant than NAD+ due to higher reduction potential. The oxidation of FADH₂bound to the E₃ subunit in the last reaction of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by NAD+ should be explained.

Concept introduction:

The biological reactions in the system are not only dependent of the regular chemical mechanism or fundamentals. The reaction occurs as per the requirement sometimes violating the fundamental issues. The usual redox reaction is not at all valid for the biological system.

Pictorial representation:

a) b)

Structure of (a)Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD), (b) Structure of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ( NAD+).

Answer 8

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Answer 9

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Answer 10

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Answer 11

Ch. 14 - Prob. 1P Ch. 14 - When pure reduced cytochrome c is added to...Ch. 14 - Freshly prepared mitochondria were incubated with...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4P Ch. 14 - Prob. 5P Ch. 14 - Prob. 6P Ch. 14 - Intramitochondrial ATP concentrations are about 5...Ch. 14 - Prob. 8P Ch. 14 - Prob. 9P Ch. 14 - Years ago there was interest in using uncouplers...

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Chapter 14 Solutions

a)	b)
Structure of (a)Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD), (b) Structure of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ( NAD+).