Chapter 13.3, Problem 1RA

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The observed frequency of alleles A and a.

Introduction: The formula that can be used to calculate allele frequency is as follows:

$\text{p}=\frac{\text{number of copies of allele in a population}}{\text{total number of copies of all alleles in a population}}$.

Here, p indicates allele frequency.

b.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The observed genotype frequencies of aa, Aa, and AA.

Introduction: According to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of genotype AA will be $p^2$, the frequency of genotype Aa will be $2pq$, and the frequency of genotype aa will be $q^2$. Here, p represents frequency of ‘A’ allele, and q represents frequency of ‘a’ allele.

c.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The Hardy-Weinberg expectations for the frequencies of the given genotypes after single random mating.

Introduction: Random mating refers to an ideal condition where all the members of one sex are uniformly potential partners of all the individuals of the opposite sex.