BIOCHEMISTRY (LOOSELEAF)-W/ACCESS
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781319425784
Author: BERG
Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education
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Chapter 13, Problem 9P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The reason for
Concept introduction:
Diffusion is defined as the movement of particles such as atoms, molecules or ions from a higher concentration region to a lower concentration region. This process is continued till the concentration of the particles is same on both sides of the membranes or boundary.
In the body, the diffusion of ions/molecules/atoms takes place inside or outside of the cell through the cell membrane.
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From the image provided. Do you think that a membrane potential exists for this synthetic plasma membrane? If your answer is “yes,” please indicate whether it is negative or positive at the region closer to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. Explain your reasoning.
Neurons
a. How does the neuron re-establish its resting membrane potential after an action potential?
-Sodium (Na+) gated channels close
-Sodium (Na+) gated channels open
-Potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+) gated channels close
-Sodium/ potassium pumps (Na+/K+ pumps) exchange ions
b.Which of the ion channels utilizes a passive transport system (in other words, do not require ATP)? Mark all that apply.
-K+ leak channels
-K+ channels (gates)
-Na+ leak channels
-Na+ channels (gates)
-Na+/K+ pumps
c.The absolute refractory period occurs when the neuron is undergoing the action potential and implies it cannot be further stimulated.
True or False
d. After an action potential, as the neuron repolarizes, the resting membrane potential is immediately re-established
True or False
e.Match the type of gate or process with its overall effect on the neuron
So Match each term with the best-fit description.
Terms:
Na+/K+ pump
K+ voltage gate
Resting membrane potential
Hyperpolarization
Na+ voltage gate…
Chapter 13 Solutions
BIOCHEMISTRY (LOOSELEAF)-W/ACCESS
Ch. 13 - Prob. 1PCh. 13 - Prob. 2PCh. 13 - Prob. 3PCh. 13 - Prob. 4PCh. 13 - Prob. 5PCh. 13 - Prob. 6PCh. 13 - Prob. 7PCh. 13 - Prob. 8PCh. 13 - Prob. 9PCh. 13 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 13 - Prob. 11PCh. 13 - Prob. 12PCh. 13 - Prob. 13PCh. 13 - Prob. 14PCh. 13 - Prob. 15PCh. 13 - Prob. 16PCh. 13 - Prob. 17PCh. 13 - Prob. 18PCh. 13 - Prob. 19PCh. 13 - Prob. 20PCh. 13 - Prob. 21PCh. 13 - Prob. 22PCh. 13 - Prob. 23PCh. 13 - Prob. 24PCh. 13 - Prob. 25PCh. 13 - Prob. 26PCh. 13 - Prob. 27PCh. 13 - Prob. 28PCh. 13 - Prob. 29PCh. 13 - Prob. 30PCh. 13 - Prob. 31PCh. 13 - Prob. 32P
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- Pleasea asap. thanku You measure the membrane potential and find that it does not change from time X to time Y. However, you find that current across the membrane has increased by a factor of 4 from time X to time Y. What most likely happened between time X and Y?arrow_forwardnerve impulses. Neurotransmitters are packaged by the cell into small, membrane- bound sacs called vesicles. Upon receiving a chemical signal, the vesicles move towards the cell membrane and fuse with it, releasing the enclosed neurotransmitters from the terminal end of the nerve cell. Which organelle is most likely responsible for packaging neurotransmitters into a vesicle? Mitochondria Golgi body Ribosomes Nucleusarrow_forwardPlease ASAP. Thank you.arrow_forward
- Please ASAP. Thank you. A hypothetical neuronal cell shows the following intracellular and extracellular concentration of sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride ions. Extracellular concentration (mM) Intracellular concentration (mM) (Ion)out/ (Ion)inside E ion at 37 oC Sodium ion 420 60 Potassium ion 25 420 Calcium ion 16 0.4 Chloride 565 45 How does increase in the extracellular potassium concentration to 250 mM affect the Nernst potential? Why?arrow_forwardTUNOWIng table comparing the Na+ Channel AND the Na+K+ ATPase. Na K+ ATPase Voltage-Gated Nat Channel XION Which ion or ions are transported? This transporter requires ATP? (Y or N) This protein is allosteric? (Y or N) Active Transport or Passive Transport? Polarizes axon or Depolarizes axon? X ions ·NO X yes Passive Xtransport active Xtransport Polarizes axoni Depolarizes akon X yes. activges (1) Ton) (9)arrow_forwardPart C-Comparing and Contrasting the Two Types of Voltage-Gated lon Channels Sort the phrases into the appropriate bins depending on whether they describe similarities or differences between voltage-gated K* channels and voltage-gated Na+ channels. > View Available Hint(s) Reset Help The polarity of the substances they transport across the membrane The direction of ion movement The stimulus that triggers opening through the channel The placement of the channel protein relative to the membrane The inactivation mechanism Similarities Differencesarrow_forward
- SYNTHESIS PORTION. Using your knowledge of the respiratory and renal systems and how they are involved in the regulation of blood pressure affecting blood pressure, create a possible reflex control/feedback loop that would occur in EITHER (choose one system as the focus of your answer) the respiratory or renal systems if a person's blood pressure suddenly increases. Include all of the elements of a feedback loop. Your answer can simply be a list of steps that would occur, but make sure to indicate all of the elements of a feedback loop. This does not to be extremely detailed, I am looking for the elements of the feedback loop and to see that you understand how these systems work to maintain blood pressure in its normal range. I will start the loop: 1. Stimulus: Increase in blood pressure.arrow_forwardPlease ASAP. Thanku Which of the following is not true in ligand-gated ion channels? a. S4 segment moves in response to changes in membrane potential b. ligand binds to an agonist binding site c. conformational change occurs in subunits d. all of the above are truearrow_forwardFrom the image provided. Do you think there are concentration gradients? If so, for which ions are there concentration gradients? Specify whether the concentration values of these ions are higher or lower inside the cell.arrow_forward
- Please ASAP. Thank you.arrow_forwardTrue and false - A k+ channel will be just as permeable to Na+ as to K+ because Na+ is a smaller ion - channel proteins are for small things like ions, not larger molecules like sugars - channel proteins have specificity by providing amino acid side chains to H bongs with particular ions in place of those ions binding with water -Ion channels all low ions to pass through in either direction depending on the electrochemical gradient of the ion - the free energy of an ion travelling across the plasma membrane depends completely on the ions concentration inside versus outside the cellarrow_forwardPlease ASAp. Thankyou. Question 4 The resting membrane potential is a negative value because of: a. High K+ inside of cells compared to the outside b. Open K+ channels at rest c. Phospholipid head groups on the inside of the membrane d, High sodium outside the cellarrow_forward
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