EBK BIOSTATISTICS FOR THE BIOLOGICAL AN
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134679228
Author: ROY
Publisher: PEARSON CUSTOM PUB.(CONSIGNMENT)
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Chapter 1.3, Problem 37SLCT
To determine
To explain: The meaning of the terms prospective, randomized, double-blind, place-controlled trial in the context of the provided study.
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Dark Chocolate for Good Health
A study¹ examines chocolate's effects on blood vessel function in healthy people. In the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled
study, 11 people received 46 grams (1.6 ounces) of dark chocolate (which is naturally flavonoid-rich) every day for two weeks, while a
control group of 10 people received a placebo consisting of dark chocolate with low flavonoid content. Participants had their vascular
health measured (by means of flow-mediated dilation) before and after the two-week study. The increase over the two-week period
was measured, with larger numbers indicating greater vascular health. For the group getting the good dark chocolate, the mean
increase was 1.3 with a standard deviation of 2.32, while the control group had a mean change of -0.96 with a standard deviation of
1.58.
¹Engler, M., et. al., "Flavonoid-rich dark chocolate improves endothelial function and increases plasma epicatechin concentrations in
healthy adults," Journal of the…
Current Attempt in Progress
Dark Chocolate for Good Health
A study examines chocolate's effects on blood vessel function in healthy people. In the randomized, double-blind, placebo-
controlled study, 11 people received 46 grams (1.6 ounces) of dark chocolate (which is naturally flavonoid-rich) every day for two
weeks, while a control group of 10 people received a placebo consisting of dark chocolate with low flavonoid content. Participants
had their vascular health measured (by means of flow-mediated dilation) before and after the two-week study. The increase over
the two-week period was measured, with larger numbers indicating greater vascular health. For the group getting the good dark
chocolate, the mean increase was 1.3 with a standard deviation of 2.32, while the control group had a mean change of-0.96 with a.
standard deviation of 1.58.
"Engler, M., et. al., "Flavonoid-rich dark chocolate improves endothelial function and increases plasma epicatechin concentrations in
healthy…
Hormone Therapy and Dementia. An issue of Science News (Vol. 163, No. 22, pp. 341–342) reported that the Women’s Health Initiative cast doubts on the benefit of hormone-replacement therapy. Researchers randomly divided 4532 healthy women over the age of 65 years into two groups. One group, consisting of 2229 women, received hormone-replacement therapy; the other group, consisting of 2303 women, received placebo. Over 5 years, 40 of the women receiving the hormone-replacement therapy were diagnosed with dementia, compared with 21 of those getting placebo.
a. At the 5% significance level, do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that healthy women over 65 years old who take hormone-replacement therapy are at greater risk for dementia than those who do not?
b. Determine and interpret a 90% confidence interval for the difference in dementia risk rates for healthy women over 65 years old who take hormone-replacement therapy and those who do not.
Chapter 1 Solutions
EBK BIOSTATISTICS FOR THE BIOLOGICAL AN
Ch. 1.1 - Prob. 1SLCTCh. 1.1 - Prob. 2SLCTCh. 1.1 - Prob. 3SLCTCh. 1.1 - Prob. 4SLCTCh. 1.1 - Prob. 5SLCTCh. 1.1 - Prob. 6SLCTCh. 1.1 - Prob. 7SLCTCh. 1.1 - Prob. 8SLCTCh. 1.1 - Prob. 9SLCTCh. 1.1 - Prob. 10SLCT
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