Concept explainers
With relation to the air outside the balloon, the effect on the temperature, pressure and density of the air inside the balloon when it is heated by a flame
Answer to Problem 1OQ
Solution:
- Temperature is higher inside the balloon
- Pressure is same inside and outside balloon
- Density is lower
Explanation of Solution
A. Temperature is higher inside the balloon. This is the basic principle on which a hot-air balloon works. As the air inside the balloon gets heated by the flame, it rises upwards through the surrounding air, which is colder.
B. Pressure is the same inside and outside the balloon. Otherwise, the balloon would inflate or deflate. The density of air particles is lower because of the high temperature inside the balloon. This should lower the pressure. But because of the higher energy of these particles, they are moving faster and even this smaller quantity ends up exerting the pressure required to balance the outside pressure.
C. Density is lower. Because of the higher temperature of the air, the density is lower.
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