Principles of Anatomy and Physiology
16th Edition
ISBN: 9781119662792
Author: Tortora, Gerard J., DERRICKSON, Bryan H.
Publisher: WILEY
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Textbook Question
Chapter 13, Problem 15CP
What does each of the following terms mean in relation to reflex arcs? Monosynaptic, ipsilateral, polysynaptic, intersegmental, contralateral, and reciprocal innervation.
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What does each of the following terms mean in relation to reflex arcs? Monosynaptic, ipsilateral, polysynaptic, intersegmental, contralateral, and reciprocal innervation.
Which of the following are essential components of a basic reflex arc?
Select all that apply.
At least one synapse
Motor neuron
Effector
Sensory neuron
Sensory receptor
Why is the crossed extensor reflex classified as a contralateral reflex arc?
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- For each of the following statements about the line reflex, state whether it is true or false. The stretch reflex involves sensory neurons that switch directly to the motor neuron in the spinal cord The muscle contracts in response to a force applied Stretch reflexes include a sensory receptor (muscle coil)arrow_forwardVisceral reflex arcs differ from somatic in which of the following ways? the number of sensory neurons the use of Ach as their only neurotransmitter the use of the motor cortex to regulate their effectors the number of motor neurons reliance on unipolar neurons to transmit their signalsarrow_forwardTrue/False: In a polysynaptic reflex, a sensory neuron synapses directly with a motor neuron.arrow_forward
- In a withdrawal reflex with reciprocal innervation: inhibitory interneurons decussate from the alpha motor neuron extensor muscles contract to oppose the motion of the flexor excitatory interneurons synapse with the alpha motor neuron extensor muscles relax and do not oppose the motion of the flexorarrow_forwardWhy is response time in a monosynaptic reflex much faster than response time in a polysynaptic reflex?arrow_forwardTrace the reflex arc, naming efferent and afferent nerves, receptors, effectors, and integration centers, for the following reflexes: alcaneal tendon reflexarrow_forward
- Why is it important to study reflexes? What clinical applications might these have? Describe a simple reflex arc.arrow_forwardIdentify the component of the reflex arc that detects changes in the internal or external environment: Question 6 options: Association neuron Sensory neuron Effector Receptor Motor neuronarrow_forwardWhat is affected by electrical signal sent by forth reflex arc structure?(This will be the fifth structure in the arc.)arrow_forward
- Neuromuscular: Give two reflexes being used while standing up out a chair. Reflex 1:- Description of reflex Application of reflex in this movement Reflex 2:- Description of reflex Application of reflex in this movementarrow_forwardWhen describing the reflex arcs and the neural pathways involved we often limit ourselves to the nerves carrying information from the muscle or tendon to the spinal cord and back. However, it should be clear from our ability to feel the tendon tap as well as the results from the Jendrassik’s maneuver test that it isn’t this simple. What other neural connections must be present ?arrow_forwardWhen a physician elicits the patellar reflex, what physiological activities are being examined? List four. (Hint: think of the function of each component of the reflex pathway).arrow_forward
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