Concept explainers
Indicate which compound in each of the following pairs is more likely to form ion pairs in water: (a) NaCl or Na2SO4, (b) MgCl2 or MgSO4 (c) LiBr or KBr.
(a)
Interpretation:
In the given pairs of compound, which are more likely to form ion pairs in water has to be indicated.
Concept introduction:
A couple of oppositely charged ions are connected together by Coulomb attraction without formation of covalent bond known as ‘ion pair’.
Coulomb’s law: This law states that oppositely charges are attracts each other with a force proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the distance between the charges and likely charges repels each other.
Where,
K - Coulomb’s law constant
Answer to Problem 13.79QP
The pairs that forms ion pairs in water is
Explanation of Solution
To explain ion pair of
Sodium chloride is an ionic substance which is placed in water, molecules of water interact with the ions on the surface of Sodium and chloride ion. If
Coulombs equation for
Distance between Sodium and chloride ion is 0.281nm which is smaller than the distance between Sodium and sulphate ion. According to Coulombs law, distance between the ions is smaller means the force of attraction is high. Hence the attraction of Sodium chloride and water is larger. So it forms ion pair mostly than Sodium sulphate.
(b)
Interpretation:
In the given pairs of compound, which are more likely to form ion pairs in water has to be indicated.
Concept introduction:
A couple of oppositely charged ions are connected together by Coulomb attraction without formation of covalent bond known as ‘ion pair’.
Coulomb’s law: This law states that oppositely charges are attracts each other with a force proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the distance between the charges and likely charges repels each other.
Where,
K - Coulomb’s law constant
Answer to Problem 13.79QP
The pairs that forms ion pairs in water is
Explanation of Solution
To explain ion pair of
Magnesium chloride soluble in water while placed in water; molecules of water interact with the ions on the surface of Magnesium and chloride ion. If
Coulombs equation for
Distance between Magnesium and chloride ion is 0.281nm which is smaller than the distance between Magnesium and sulphate ion. According to Coulombs law, distance is smaller means the force of attraction is high. Hence the attraction of Sodium chloride and water is larger. So it forms ion pair mostly than Magnesium sulphate.
(c)
Interpretation:
In the given pairs of compound, which are more likely to form ion pairs in water has to be indicated.
Concept introduction:
A couple of oppositely charged ions are connected together by Coulomb attraction without formation of covalent bond known as ‘ion pair’.
Coulomb’s law: This law states that oppositely charges are attracts each other with a force proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the distance between the charges and likely charges repels each other.
Where,
K - Coulomb’s law constant
Answer to Problem 13.79QP
The pairs that forms ion pairs in water is
Explanation of Solution
To explain ion pair of
Potassium bromide is water soluble, when the molecules of water interact with the ions on the surface of Potassium and bromide ion. If
Coulombs equation for
Distance between Magnesium and chloride ion is 0.281nm which is smaller than the distance between Magnesium and sulphate ion. According to Coulombs law, distance is smaller means the force of attraction is high. Hence the attraction of Sodium chloride and water is larger. So it forms ion pair mostly than Magnesium sulphate.
The compounds that are more likely to form ion pairs in water have been indicated.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 13 Solutions
Chemistry Atoms First, Second Edition
- 32.0 g of the salt Ce(SO4)2. 2(NH4)2 SO4. 2H2O is dissolved in 500 mL of solution. Calculate (a) the normality of the solution (b) the Na2C2O4 titer.arrow_forwardTooth enamel is composed of the mineral hydroxyapatite, Ca5(PO4)3OH which has a Kspof 6.8 x 10^-37. What is the molar solubility of tooth enamel in water?arrow_forwardIf you compare the solubilities of the noble gases in water,you find that solubility increases from smallest atomicweight to largest, Ar < Kr < Xe. Which of the followingstatements is the best explanation? (a) The heavier the gas, the more it sinks to the bottom ofthe water and leaves room for more gas molecules at thetop of the water.(b) The heavier the gas, the more dispersion forces it has,and therefore the more attractive interactions it haswith water molecules.(c) The heavier the gas, the more likely it is to hydrogenbondwith water.(d) The heavier the gas, the more likely it is to make a saturatedsolution in water.arrow_forward
- 11.8. (a) Explain why the concentration of dissolved oxygen in fresh water is an important indicator of the quality of the water. (b) How is the solubility of oxygen in water affected by increasing temperature?arrow_forwardPhosphorus pentachloride reacts violently with water togive a mixture of phosphoric acid and hydrochloric acid.(a) Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.(b) Determine the concentration (in moles per liter) of each of the acids that result from the complete reaction of 1.22 L of phosphorus pentachloride (measured at 215°C and 0.962 atm pressure) with enough water to give a solution volume of 697 mL.arrow_forwardDistinguish between water quality and hydrochemistry.arrow_forward
- (a) Calculate the mass percentage of NaNO3 in a solution containing 13.6 g of NaNO3 in 834 g of water. (b) An alloy contains 2.86 g of chromium per 100 kg of alloy. What is the concentration of chromium in ppm?arrow_forwardTo obtain a precipitate which is useful for gravimetric analysis, the analyst tries to obtain conditions to encourage crystal growth, as opposed to the formation of a colloid. Which of the following statements aids in the formation of a crystalline precipitate and the formation of a colloidal precipitate? Drag your answers to the appropriate markers. (a) The solutions are made as dilute as practical to allow crystals to form slowly. (b) The addition of strong electrolytes (e.g. NaCl or HCl) in the analyte solution, prior to the precipitation reaction. (c) After the digestion of the precipitate, the hot solution is cooled down to room temperature gradually and kept undisturbed overnight. (d) The analyst selects the precipitate of the analyte with the Ksp less than 1 x 10 -15 (e) The Relative Supersaturation value of the analyte solution should be greater than 1 million upon the addition of the precipitating reagent. formation of colloidal precipitate favored formation of crystalline…arrow_forward(a) 0.5 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3 45. The elevation in boiling point of a solution of 13.44 g of CuC l, in 1 kg of water using the following information will be (molecular weight of CUCI2 K = 0.52 K mol) = 134.4 and (a) 0.16 (b) 0.05 (c) 0.1 (d) 0.2arrow_forward
- What is the normality of a 0.010M aqueous solution of the salt Ce(SO4)2?arrow_forward5. (a) The melting point of ammonia (NH3) is higher than that of methane (CH4) and yet these molecules have comparable molecular mass. Why does NH3 have a higher melting point than CH4? Explain in terms of intermolecular forces. (b) Predict the solubility of HF, HCl and Cl2 in water and explain your answer.arrow_forwardA sample of silicone tetrachloride is contaminated by carbon tetrachloride. 20cm3 of distilled water is added to 3.0g of the sample and stirred thoroughly. The resulting mixture exactly neutralises 26.10cm3 of 2.0 moldm-3 aqueous sodium hydroxide. What is the percentage by mass of carbon tetrachloride?arrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning