EBK CONCEPTS OF GENETICS
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134818979
Author: Killian
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 13, Problem 10PDQ
Why doesn’t polynucleotide phosphorylase (Ochoa’s enzyme) synthesize RNA in vivo?
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Can you please order the following steps
involving the regeneration of ribonucleotide
reductase that occurs in most animals so that
it may carry out the formation of
deoxyribonucleotides. (Note that not all steps
are shown.)
1. Reduction of thioredoxin 2. Reduction of
ribonucleotide reductase 3. Oxidation of
thioredoxin reductase 4. Reduction of
thioredoxin reductase
Which statement is true for the active site residues of RNase A, lysozyme, or trypsin? Select any/all answers that apply.
O A. His12 (RNase A) initially acts as an acid.
O B. His119 (RNase A) initially acts as an acid.
O C. Glu35 (lysozyme) initially acts as an acid.
O D. His57 (trypsin) initially acts as an acid.
O E. Ser195 (trypsin) initially acts as an acid.
Why do E. coli cells with a defective lacZ gene fail to show galactoside permease activity after the addition of lactose in the absence of glucose?
Chapter 13 Solutions
EBK CONCEPTS OF GENETICS
Ch. 13 - In a mixed heteropolymer experiment using...Ch. 13 - When repeating copolymers are used to form...Ch. 13 - The following represent deoxyribonucleotide...Ch. 13 - Prob. 1CSCh. 13 - A 30-year-old woman was undergoing therapy for...Ch. 13 - A 30-year-old woman was undergoing therapy for...Ch. 13 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on the...Ch. 13 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 13 - Assuming the genetic code is a triplet, what...Ch. 13 - The mRNA formed from the repeating tetranucleotide...
Ch. 13 - In studies using repeating copolymers, AC ......Ch. 13 - In a coding experiment using repeating copolymers...Ch. 13 - Prob. 7PDQCh. 13 - When the amino acid sequences of insulin isolated...Ch. 13 - Prob. 9PDQCh. 13 - Why doesnt polynucleotide phosphorylase (Ochoas...Ch. 13 - Refer to Table 13.1. Can you hypothesize why a...Ch. 13 - Predict the amino acid sequence produced during...Ch. 13 - A short RNA molecule was isolated that...Ch. 13 - A glycine residue is in position 210 of the...Ch. 13 - Refer to Figure 13.7 to respond to the following:...Ch. 13 - Most proteins have more leucine than histidine...Ch. 13 - Define the process of transcription. Where does...Ch. 13 - Prob. 18PDQCh. 13 - Describe the structure of RNA polymerase in...Ch. 13 - Prob. 20PDQCh. 13 - Messenger RNA molecules are very difficult to...Ch. 13 - Present an overview of various forms of...Ch. 13 - One form of posttranscriptional modification of...Ch. 13 - Describe the role of two forms of RNA editing that...Ch. 13 - Substitution RNA editing is known to involve...Ch. 13 - Prob. 26ESPCh. 13 - Prob. 27ESPCh. 13 - Prob. 28ESPCh. 13 - Shown here are the amino acid sequences of the...Ch. 13 - The genetic code is degenerate. Amino acids are...Ch. 13 - M. Klemke et al. (2001) discovered an interesting...Ch. 13 - Recent observations indicate that alternative...Ch. 13 - Isoginkgetin is a cell-permeable chemical isolated...
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- An RNA polymer is made by using the enzyme polynucleotide phosphorylase with equal quantities of CTP and GTP. When this RNA is used in an in vitro translation system, all of the following amino acids could be incorporated into a newly made polypeptide, except: glycine (Gly) histidine (His) proline (pro) alanine (Ala) arginine (Arg)arrow_forwardA species of bacteria can synthesize the amino acid histidine, so they do not require histidine in their growth medium. A key enzyme, which we will call histidine synthetase, is necessary for histidine biosynthesis. When these bacteria are given histidine in their growth medium, they stop synthesizing histidine intracellularly. Based on this observation alone, propose three different regulatory mechanisms to explain why histidine biosynthesis ceases when histidine is in the growth medium. To explore this phenomenon further, you measure the amount of intracellular histidine synthetase protein when cells are grown in the presence and absence of histidine. In both conditions, the amount of this protein is identical. Which mechanism of regulation is consistent with this observation?arrow_forwardRifampicin attaches to the β subunit of bacterial RNA pol. Why is this used as an antibiotic to treat diseases caused by bacteria?arrow_forward
- Genes involved in DNA to protein route are highly conserved in comparison to genes of enzymes that catalyze steps in metabolic pathways individually. What could be the reason for this?arrow_forwardWhy don't E. coli cells with a faulty lacZ gene display galactoside permease activity when lactose is added in the absence of glucose?arrow_forwardin all cells observed to date, DNA serves as the stable, information-rivh molecule that stores genetic information. In contrast, in almost all cases, non-catalytic RNS serves as either a labile intermediate molecule involve in the production of proteins or as a labile regulatory molecule. A) based on the material, hypothesize why the molecule structures of DNA and RNA are, or are not, consistent with these two roles. B) RNA can also serve a catalytic role(ribosomes, RNA splicing, etc). What part of the RNA molecule would you predict makes it more likely than DNA to participate in enzymatic reactions? C) Explain how all these ideas may support as "RNA World Hypothesis" where RNA evolved first, followed by DNA and proteinarrow_forward
- The previously accepted model of the chloramphenicol action was that it inhibited all ribosomes equally. Why were the authors of the Marks, 2016 paper skeptical of this model? Choose all that are correct. Because they had observed that certain bacteria were resistant to chloramphenicol, and this proves that chloramphenicol stalls ribosomes at certain sites within those bacteria. Because certain MRNA templates had been observed to be inhibited by chloramphenicol more strongly than others Because chloramphenicol induces expression of chloramphenicol resistance proteins through translational arrest at specific codons in the leader ORFS of chloramphenicol resistance genes, which suggests there is preferential stalling at certain sites. Because chloramphenicol induces expression of chloramphenicol resistance proteins - therefore, these proteins must be able to be translated during chloramphenicol treatment. Because chloramphenicol binds the decoding center of the 30S subunit, and there are…arrow_forwardE. coli ribonuclease H1 is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds in RNA. Its proposed mechanism involves a 'carboxylate relay,' as shown below. His124 Asp70 || -HN-CH-C -HN-CH-C- CH2 CH2 c=0 RNA substrate HN H. H. (1) Fill the blanks. In the reaction scheme above, His124 acts as a ( ). The purpose of this relay system is to deprotonate the water molecule (II) so that it becomes a better ( :0arrow_forwardIn the procedure shown, why was it necessary to link thecoding sequence for the A or B chains to the sequence forβ-galactosidase? How were the A or B chains separated fromβ-galactosidase after the fusion protein was synthesized in E. coli?arrow_forward
- Rifamycins have been used for the treatment of many diseases, including HIV-related Tuberculosis. Explain how Rifamycins inhibit the activities of bacterial DNA dependent RNA polymerase.arrow_forwardWhat factors account for the high phosphoryl-transfer potential of nucleoside triphosphates?arrow_forwardMatch the following antibiotics with the drug strategy that would provide resistance to them. rifampin which blocks transcription [ Choose ] Choose] tetracycline which misaligns the beta-lactamase anticodon to its codon mutation of the TRNA binding site of the ribosome penicillin which blocks peptidoglycan creation of alternate metabolic pathway that ultimately leads to the same product synthesis mutation of RNA polymerase polymyxin which causes leakage in the porin which removes drug from periplasmic space cell membrane sulfonamide which inhibits enzyme of [Choose ] folic acid synthesis pathway Question 14 2 pts % & 5 7arrow_forward
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