Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923001
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12.2, Problem 1TC
Some viruses, such as the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), consist of a protein coat surrounding ribonucleic acid (RNA) instead of DMA. A few years after the Hershey-Chase experiments, Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat and several colleagues separated TMV of two different strains (normal and HR) into their protein and RNA components. They then mixed the protein from strain HR with RNA from the normal strain, and vice versa. Hybrid viruses (either HR protein coats with normal RNA or normal protein coats with HR RNA) spontaneously assembled in these mixtures. They then allowed the hybrid viruses to infect tobacco plants and produce new viruses. If RNA is the genetic material of TMV, predict the type of protein coats formed by the offspring of hybrid viruses.
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Students have asked these similar questions
In E. coli, the genes for histidine (his), arginine (arg), tyrosine (tyr), and valine (val) synthesis are closely linked. A wild-type strain is used as a donor for transducing viruses. Various recipient strains were treated with these viruses. Wild-type recombinant colonies were then counted, with the results shown in the following table.
Genotype of recipient
Number of wild-type colonies
Genotype of recipient
Number of wild-type colonies
his- arg+ val+ tyr+
254
his+ arg- val- tyr+
132
his+ arg+ val- tyr-
36
his+ arg- val+ tyr+
240
his- arg- val+ tyr+
28
his- arg+ val- tyr+
102
his- arg+ val+ tyr-
100
his+ arg- val+ tyr-
2
What is the cotransduction coefficient of histidine and valine? For consistency, standardize on histidine.
0.38 (wrong)
0.537
0.402
None of these
The table below shows the properties of the genomes of
three different viruses. The data were obtained as
follows: Nuclease sensitivity was measured by the ability
of deoxyribonuclease (DNase) or ribonuclease (RNase)
to destroy the genome (a “+" means sensitivity). The
ability of the genome to act as mRNA was tested by
incubating it in a cell-free system. If amino acids were
incorporated into protein, the data are shown as a
Finally, the virus particles were tested for the presence
of a virion polymerase. If an enzyme was present, the
data show whether it could polymerize deoxynucleotide
triphosphates (DNTPS) or nucleoside triphosphates
(NTPS).
"+.
Genome Properties
Nuclease
Virion
Can
Genome
Sensitivity?
Polymerase?
Be an
mRNA?
Virus DNase RNase
With
With
DNTPS NTPS
#1
-
-
#2
-
-
#3
For each virus, indicate the strategy of the genome,
using the Baltimore classification. What is the nature of
the product of the virion polymerase when present?
+
+
+
+
+ +
Two theoretical genetic strains of a virus (a-b-c- and a+b+c+) were used to simultaneously infect a culture of host bacteria. Of 10,000 plaques scored, the following genotypes were observed. Determine the genetic map of these three genes on the viral chromosome. Decide whether interference was positive or negative. a+ b+ c+ 4100 a- b+ c- 160 a- b- c- 3990 a+ b- c+ 140 a+ b- c- 740 a- b- c+ 90 a- b+ c+ 670 a+ b+ c- 110
Chapter 12 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 12.1 - describe the experiments of Griffith; Avery,...Ch. 12.1 - explain why these experiments showed that DNA is...Ch. 12.2 - Some viruses, such as the tobacco mosaic virus...Ch. 12.2 - Which do you think would be more difficult to...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 12.3 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 12.3 - Muscles, Mutations, and Myostatin The sequence of...Ch. 12.3 - How Much Genes Influence Athletic Prowess?Ch. 12.4 - describe the process of DNA replication, including...Ch. 12.4 - explain why DNA replication is called...
Ch. 12.4 - Muscles, Mutations, and Myostatin "Double-muscled"...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 1TCCh. 12.5 - explain what mutations are and how they occur?Ch. 12.5 - explain why mutations are rare?Ch. 12.5 - describe the different types of mutations?Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 1CSRCh. 12 - If a parental DNA strand has the base sequence...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2MCCh. 12 - Prob. 3MCCh. 12 - The rungs of the DNA double helix consist of a....Ch. 12 - Prob. 5MCCh. 12 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 12 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 12 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 12 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 12 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 12 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 12 - Prob. 1RQCh. 12 - Prob. 2RQCh. 12 - Describe the structure of DNA. Where are the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 4RQCh. 12 - Describe the process of DNA replication.Ch. 12 - How do mutations occur? Describe the principal...Ch. 12 - In an alternate universe, although proteins are...Ch. 12 - Genetic information is encoded in the sequence of...
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