Principles of Human Physiology (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134169804
Author: Cindy L. Stanfield
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 9E
Which of the following statements concerning the characteristics of different types of muscle fibers is false?
a. The higher the myosin ATPase activity, the faster the speed of contraction.
b. Muscles that have high glycotytic capacity and large glycogen stores are more resistant to fatigue.
c. Oxidative types of muscle fibers contain myoglobin.
d. Oxidative fibers have a richer blood supply.
e. Larger-diameter fibers can produce greater tension.
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Which of the following is true?
A. Muscle fibers either will contract with all the force possible under existing conditions or will not contract at all.
B. Skeletal muscles can contract with varying degrees of strength given different circumstances.
C. Muscle length does not have an effect on contractile strength.
D. Metabolic condition of the myocyte does not have an effect on contractile strength.
Which of the following statements best describes the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction?
a. Actin and myosin filaments do not shorten, but rather, slide past each other.
b. Actin and myosin filaments shorten and slide past each other.
c. As they slide past each other, actin filaments shorten, but myosin filaments do not shorten.
d. As they slide past each other, myosin filaments shorten, but actin filaments do not shorten.
The functions of tropomyosin in skeletal muscle include
A. releasing calcium ions after initiation of contraction.
B. generating ATP which it passes to the contractile mechanism.
C. binding to myosin during contraction.
D. acting as a relaxing protein at rest by covering up the sites where myosin binds to actin.
E. sliding on actin to produce shortening.
Chapter 12 Solutions
Principles of Human Physiology (6th Edition)
Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 12.1.1QCCh. 12.1 -
Which two functions are performed by the heads of...Ch. 12.2 -
Which of the following shortens during a muscle...Ch. 12.2 -
When ATP is hydrolyzed, the conformation of...Ch. 12.2 -
What triggers the power stroke of the crossbridge...Ch. 12.2 -
What is the function of the sarcoplasmic...Ch. 12.2 -
How does an increase or a decrease in the...Ch. 12.3 -
Describe the causes and symptoms of tetanus. Why...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 2CTQCh. 12.3 - Prob. 3CTQ
Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 12.3.1QCCh. 12.3 -
What is the size principle?
Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 12.3.3QCCh. 12.4 - Prob. 12.4.1QCCh. 12.4 - Prob. 12.4.2QCCh. 12.4 - Prob. 12.4.3QCCh. 12.4 -
How does aerobic exercise affect resistance to...Ch. 12.4 -
What are the criteria used to classify the more...Ch. 12.4 -
Describe the causes of Duchenne and Becker MD....Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 3CTQCh. 12.5 - Prob. 12.5.1QCCh. 12.5 - Prob. 12.5.2QCCh. 12.5 - Prob. 12.5.3QCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 12.6.1QCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 12.6.2QCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 12.6.3QCCh. 12.6 -
What prevents summation of cardiac muscle...Ch. 12 - Prob. 1ECh. 12 - Prob. 2ECh. 12 - Prob. 3ECh. 12 - Prob. 4ECh. 12 - Prob. 5ECh. 12 - Prob. 6ECh. 12 - Prob. 7ECh. 12 - Prob. 8ECh. 12 - Which of the following statements concerning the...Ch. 12 -
Which of the following muscle types contain gap...Ch. 12 - In skeletal muscle, when calcium is released from...Ch. 12 -
When a muscle fiber contracts, the I bands...Ch. 12 - Prob. 13ECh. 12 - Prob. 14ECh. 12 - Prob. 15ECh. 12 - Prob. 16ECh. 12 - Prob. 17ECh. 12 - Prob. 18ECh. 12 - Prob. 19ECh. 12 - Prob. 20ECh. 12 - Prob. 21ECh. 12 - Prob. 22ECh. 12 - Compare and contrast skeletal muscle and smooth...Ch. 12 - Describe the relationship between contractile...Ch. 12 - Prob. 25ECh. 12 - Prob. 26ECh. 12 - Prob. 27ECh. 12 - Prob. 28ECh. 12 - Prob. 29ECh. 12 - Two muscle fibers (X and Y) generate the same...Ch. 12 - Suppose you have a beaker containing a suspension...Ch. 12 - Prob. 32ECh. 12 - Prob. 33E
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- Put the following skeletal muscle contraction events in the order that they occur: a. The myosin head swivels toward the center of the sarcomere. b. Calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and bind to troponin. c. An action potential is propagated along the sarcolemma and transverse tubules. d. Myosin binds to actin, forming crossbridges. e. Myosin heads bind ATP molecules and release from actin. f. Tropomyosin molecules are moved off active sites on actin. g. ATPase splits ATP, providing the energy to reset the myosin head.arrow_forwardThe function of Ca2+ in skeletal muscle contraction is toa. cause an allosteric change in myosin so it detaches from actin.b. provide the energy necessary for the movement of the cross-bridge.c. expose the myosin-binding sites on the thin filaments.d. bind to tropomyosin.e. do a and c only.arrow_forwardWhen sarcomeres contract during muscle contraction, which of the following occurs? A. The myosin filaments lengthen. B. The myosin filaments "walk" along the actin microfilaments. C. The myosin filaments shorten. D. The actin filaments shorten.arrow_forward
- When a skeletal muscle cell contracts and the muscle shortens, a. the position of an actin molecule relative to a myosin molecule does not change. b. myosin heads generate a single power stroke. c. the actin ATPase allows the actin molecule to swivel. d. the actin molecule swivels during the power stroke e. some myosin heads are forming crossbridges as others are releasing them.arrow_forwardMark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement. a. Muscle fibers generate more tension if the starting length of their sarcomeres is very short. b. Stimulation by a motor neuron before a muscle fiber has fully relaxed results in a condition called wave summation. c. Muscles that require a great deal of precise control will have large motor units. d. A muscle fiber changes length during isotonic concentric and isotonic eccentric contractionsarrow_forwardDuring a concentric contraction of a skeletal muscle fiber, myofibrils a. lengthen. b. remain the same length. c. increase in diameter. d. shorten.arrow_forward
- When a muscle fiber is stretched from 60% of its optimal length to Lo, what change or changes are happening on the cellular level (MULTIPLE SELECT)? A. Increased calcium release from the SR B. Increased firing of action potentials from the alpha motor neuron C. Increased rate of myosin ATPase activity D. Increased number of actin-myosin bridges E. Increased stretch on titin, producing more passive forcearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements relating to smooth muscle is true? a. single-unit smooth muscles contract rhythmically due to gap junctions b. multi-unit smooth muscles are arranged like skeletal muscle motor units c. visceral smooth muscles exhibit spontaneous action potentials d. multi-unit smooth muscles exhibit graded contractions in response to neural stimuli e. all of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about the connective sheath of skeletal muscle is false? a. the endomysium wraps around every single muscle fiber b. the perimysium wraps around groups of muscle fibers c. the epimysium wraps around the whole muscle organ d. all of the above e. none of the abovearrow_forward
- When a muscle is fully stretched, which of the following statements is true (check all that apply). Select one or more: a. No tension can be generated. b. Both contractile and elastic forces generate tension. c. The actin and myosin filaments cannot interact. d. No developed or contractile tension can be generated. e. Passive or elastic forces generate tension.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a microscopic feature of a skeletal muscle fiber? a. It contains multiple nuclei that are centrally located b. it contains myoglobin for oxygen storage c. it contains glycosomes for glycogen storage d. a and b e. b and carrow_forward
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