The Cosmic Perspective (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134874364
Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, Megan O. Donahue, Nicholas Schneider, Mark Voit
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 2EAP
Briefly describe asteroid sizes, shapes, masses, densities, and compositions. How does the total mass of all asteroids compare to the mass of a terrestrial world?
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The asteroid Hygiea has a mass of 8.67 x 1019 kg and an average radius of about 216 km (2.16 x 102 km). What is its escape velocity (in m/s)? (Hints: Use the formula for escape velocity,
2GM
; remember to convert units to m, kg, and s.)
r
e
m/s
Could you jump off the asteroid?
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The Solar Nebula model introduces the concept of ‘frost line’. Where are asteroids and comets found with respect to this frost line?
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Assume there are a million asteriods 1 kilometer across or larger in the asteroid belt. Assume all asteroids are perfectly spherical.
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Chapter 12 Solutions
The Cosmic Perspective (9th Edition)
Ch. 12 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 12 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 12 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 12 - Prob. 4VSCCh. 12 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 12 - 1. Briefly define asteroid. comet, dwarf planet,...Ch. 12 - Briefly describe asteroid sizes, shapes, masses,...Ch. 12 - 3. Distinguish between primitive meteorites and...Ch. 12 - 4. What do meteorites and spacecraft observations...Ch. 12 - Prob. 5EAP
Ch. 12 - Prob. 6EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 7EAPCh. 12 - How do we know the Kuiper belt and Oort cloud...Ch. 12 - Prob. 9EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 10EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 11EAPCh. 12 - Briefly describe the evidence suggesting that an...Ch. 12 - Prob. 13EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 14EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 15EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 16EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 17EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 18EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 19EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 20EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 21EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 22EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 23EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 24EAPCh. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - The Role of Jupiter. Suppose that Jupiter had...Ch. 12 - Prob. 41EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 42EAPCh. 12 - Comet Tails. Describe in your own words why comets...Ch. 12 - Prob. 44EAPCh. 12 - Adding Up Asteroids. It’s estimated that there are...Ch. 12 - Impact Energies. A relatively small impact crater...Ch. 12 - The “Near Miss” of Toutatis. The 5-kilometer...Ch. 12 - Prob. 50EAPCh. 12 - Comet Temperatures. Find the “no greenhouse”...Ch. 12 - Comet Dust Accumulation. A few hundred tons of...
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- What do we mean by primitive material? How can we tell if a meteorite is primitive?arrow_forwardThe diameter of an asteroid is 954 km and its mass is 9.4 x 1020 kg. What is the density in g/cm3? g/cm3 Is the asteroid made of water, rock, or a mix? O water (1 g/cm³) O rock (2.5-5 g/cm3) O mix (between 1-2.4 g/cm3) Need Help? Read Itarrow_forwardSuppose the average mass of each of 20,000 asteroids in the solar system is 1017 kg. Compare the total mass of these asteroids to the mass of Earth. Assuming a spherical shape and a density of 3000 kg/m3, estimate the diameter of an asteroid having this average mass.arrow_forward
- Originally thought to be the realm of comets, over the past two decades we discovered that the Kuiper Belt region hosts also many other objects similar in size to Pluto (Figure 22). This seems to imply that there are two completely different types of objects in the region. Do you think that both types of objects formed in this region, or some of these may have migrated to this region at a later time? Briefly explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardYou may enter answers in scientific notation as shown: 1.23 x 105 = 1.23e5 Fill out each quantity for the interaction between the sun and the asteroid: asteroid data mass: 7,93 x 1020kg radius: 5.15 x 10?m F = N. earth data mass: 5.97 x 1024kg radius: 6.37 x 10m G = M = unit m = unit 8.1 x 1011m unit 1.50 x 1011m What is the force between the asteroid and the sun? sun data mass: 1.99 x 1030kg radius: 6.96 x 108m N check answers cannot be determined Unit 11: universal gravitation, gravitational force problems Desmos Scientific Online Calculatorarrow_forwardConsider an asteroid that orbits in a relatively circular orbit with a semimajor axis a = 2 au from the Sun. A typical asteroid has an albedo, or reflectivity, A ~ 0.3. At our closest approach to the asteroid, we make a measurement of the flux coming from the asteroid to be F = 3 × 10-15 w m-2. What is the radius of the asteroid in km? Include a labelled diagram along with your calculations.arrow_forward
- How many impacts would you expect to strike a 100m2 region in one hour during Earth’s formation, assuming that Earth grew to its present size in 10 million years from particles averaging 100 grams each? (Hint: Assume that Earth had its current radius of 6378km.) (Notes: The surface area of a sphere is 4pir2 ; 1yr=3.2x107 .) a. About 1300. b. About 13 . c. About 13,000. d. About 130arrow_forwardThe ratio of charon to pluto's roche limit? or How close is Charon to Pluto's Roche limit? please solve accurate and exactarrow_forwardYou may enter answers in scientific notation as shown: 1,23 x 10 = 1.23e5 Fill out each quantity for the interaction between the sun and the asteroid: asteroid data mass: 7,93 x 102ºkg radius: 5.15 x 10?m F = unit G = earth data mass; 5.97 x 1024kg radius: 6.37 x 10m unit M = unit m = unit 8.1 x 1011m r = unit 1.50 x 1011m What is the force between the asteroid and the sun? sun data mass: 1.99 x 1030kg unit radius: 6.96 x 108m finalize check answers cannot be determined (after completing ALL problems) Unit 11: universal gravitation, gravitational force problems Desmos Scientific Online Calculator O11 24 96 & 6.arrow_forward
- The mass of an average comet's nucleus is about 1.0 x 1014 kg. If the Oort cloud contains 2.0 x 1011 comet nuclei, what is the mass of the cloud in units of Earth masses? (Note: Earth's mass is 5.97 x 1024 kg.) M. Compare that with Saturn's mass. (Note: Saturn's mass in units of Earth's mass is 95.2 Ma) mass of the Oort cloud mass of Saturn Need Help? Read Itarrow_forwardWhich step(s) listed in the previous question can be eliminated in models that form Jovian planets in thousands of years, a time frame that solves the Jovian problem? Order the following steps in the formation of a Terrestrial planet chronologically: gravitational collapse, accretion, outgassing, condensation, and differentiation.arrow_forwardExplain why the planet Venus is differentiated, but asteroid Fraknoi, a very boring and small member of the asteroid belt, is not.arrow_forward
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