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Our Origins: Discovering Physical Anthropology (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393614008
Author: Clark Spencer Larsen
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Question
Chapter 12, Problem 1ER
Summary Introduction
To provide: Two examples of anatomical features that physical anthropologists consider to be “modern” when defining modern humans as a species.
Introduction: The person who studies the different aspect of characteristic feature of humans within the past and present era is called as anthropologist. The views of characteristic feature highly differ for different anthropologist that is based on what is to be considered the modern feature of humans. These features forms the basis to evaluate the origin of modern Homo sapiens.
Summary Introduction
To identify: Two ways in which these “modern” features contrast with the morphological characteristics present in earlier members of the genus Homo.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Label the four parts that make up the cranial buttressing system of
Homo erectus (where are they located): supraorbital torus, sagittal
keel, angular torus, occipital torus
H. habilis skulls do not have a cranial buttressing system. Different
skull functions show species developments. What different activities
did H. erectus engage in that H. habilis did not?
Where was the Nariokotome skeleton found?
How old is the fossil? (in terms of millions of years ago)
How old was this individual at death? (actual and modern equivalent)
What sex was this individual?
What have we learned about the Homo erectus species in general by
studying the fossils of this particular individual?
Go on to the next page in this assignment
STATION 4: Compare the following forms of H. erectus to get an
idea of the diversity present.
Date range
Cranial capacity? (cc)
Where found?
Supraorbital torus? (S/M/L)
Overall robusticity (S/M/L)
Sex? (male or female)
Age? (juvenile or adult)
Dmanisi 5
(Early H. erectus)…
Choose true or false for each of the following statements:
A. Neanderthal DNA shows that they share a number of modern human traits, and likely interbred with human populations leaving Africa as they moved through Southwest Asia.
B. The fate of the Neanderthals is clear from fossil and artifactual evidence - they simply died out about 27 000 years ago.
C. Platyrrhines differ from catarrhines in the following ways: they have three premolars instead of two, they are found in Central and South America, and they have prehensile tails, feet, and hands.
D. The Harvard Medical School bacteria video demonstrated the principles of gene flow and genetic drift.
E.
Do you think that H. naledi and H. neanderthalensis were deliberately burying their dead? Why or why not? Be sure to discuss both Archaic Humans and to mention specific examples from the assigned reading and video. However, be sure to write in your own words – do not cite from the text/video. Be as specific as possible and defend your answer.
Claims that Homo naledi buried their dead could alter our understanding of human evolution:https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/news/2023/june/claims-homo-naledi-buried-their-dead-alterour-understanding-human-evolution.html.
Could Neanderthals Use Symbolism?:https://www.pbs.org/video/what-if-neandertals-buried-their-dead-9zrsdj/
Chapter 12 Solutions
Our Origins: Discovering Physical Anthropology (Fourth Edition)
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- Please help me with identifying which of the following cranial traits listed are present in this species. (I was given a clue that the lack of a trait is just as informative) -occipital bun -sagittal crest -relatively large and pointy canines (compared to modern humans) -no sagittal crest -small cranial capacity with wide base (maximum cranial breadth is below the ears) -large cranial capacity (maximum cranial breadth is above the ear)arrow_forwardDescribe three derived characteristics of mammals which are advantageous to the occupation of a variety of habitats. Identify three novel characteristics that distinguish hominins from other apes and mammals.arrow_forwardDescribe the major evolutionary advancements that took place among the australapiths and the early Homo species (e.g. Homo habilis & Homo erectus). In other words, what did modern humans gain from the australeiths and the early Homo? (Include the evolution of bipedalism, diet/fallback foods, body structure, tools, etc.)arrow_forward
- Adaptations are physical or behavioral traits that help an organism survive in its environment. What are some of the adaptations in the evolution of hominins that allowed for the evolution of the genus Homo to evolve (eventually) into modern humans (Homo sapiens)? (Note: you don’t have to explain why these adaptations allowed the genus to evolve, just list some of the adaptations.)arrow_forwardSelect one of the following Homo genus species: H. habilis / H. erectus / H. neanderthalensis. Answer all of the following questions about your selected species. • Dates of existence• Representative sites (locations where we find this species)• Basic physical features (specifically build and brain size / cranial capacity)• Tool use (if any) and evidence of this use• One interesting fact about your selected speciesarrow_forwardWhich of the following is the most likely category to which this specimens belongs? *Hint: There are at least three clear indicators that you can observe in this specimen. -Anatomically Modern Human -Pre-australopith -Gracile Australopith -Neandertalensis -Robust Australopithecine -Early Genus Homoarrow_forward
- For each of the following sets of traits and descriptors, give the name of the most specific primate taxon that possesses ALL of the given features. In other words, don't report a suborder or superfamily name if a family or even a genus is sufficient to include all primates sharing the three sets of traits. In each case, you will need to be no more specific than the taxa I have asked you to know for the final exam. 1) 2) 3) 4) post-orbital bar with no post-orbital closure wet rhinarium all members nocturnal usually both prehensile hands & feet forward facing eyes retains the clavicle (collar bone) fused frontal bone no tail IMI less than 100 brachiator anatomy 2:1:2:3 dental formula ischial callositiesarrow_forwardDistinguish among the following members of genus Homo: H. habilis, H. ergaster, H. erectus, H. antecessor, H. heidelbergensis, H. neanderthalensis, and H. sapiens.arrow_forwardFor each of the following sets of traits and descriptors, give the name of the most specific Primate taxon that possesses ALL of the given features. In other words, don't report a suborder or superfamily name if a family or even a genus is sufficient to include all primates sharing the three sets of traits. In each case, you will need to be no more specific than the taxa I have asked you to know for the final exam. 1) suspensory anatomy (full 360° rotation in shoulder) Y-5 molar pattern fist walking partial post-orbital closure dry nose: nostrils with internal moist membranes all members are nocturnal 2) 3) fused frontal bone no external tail IMI less than 100 4) brachiator anatomy bribban. 2:1:2:3 dental formula ischial callositiesarrow_forward
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