MCGRAW: CHEMISTRY THE MOLECULAR NATURE
MCGRAW: CHEMISTRY THE MOLECULAR NATURE
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781264330430
Author: VALUE EDITION
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 12, Problem 12.129P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The vapor pressure of methyl salicylate at 25°C is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Clausius-Clapeyron equation is used to find the vapor pressure at one temperature when vapor pressure at another temperature and heat of enthalpy is given. It determines the change in vapor pressure with a change in temperature. The expression of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation is as follows:

ln(P2P1)=ΔHvapR(1T21T1)        (1)

Here,

P1 and P2 are the vapor pressure.

T1 and T2 are the temperature.

R is the gas constant.

ΔHvap is the heat of vaporization.

The conversion factor to convert °C to Kelvin is as follows:

T(K)=T(°C)+273.2        (2)

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 12.129P

The vapor pressure of methyl salicylate at 25°C is 0.13torr.

Explanation of Solution

Substitute 95.3°C in equation (2) to calculate the temperature T1 in Kelvin as follows:

T1(K)=95.3°C+273.2=368.5 K

Substitute 54.3°C in equation (2) to calculate the temperature T2 in Kelvin as follows:

T2(K)=54.3°C+273.2=327.5 K

Rearrange the equation (1) to calculate ΔHvap.

ΔHvap=(R)ln(P2P1)(1T21T1)        (3)

Substitute 8.314 J/Kmol for R, 368.5 K for T1, 327.5 K for T2 and 10.0torr for P1 and 1.0torr for P2 in the equation (3).

ΔHvap=(8.314 J/Kmol)ln(1.0torr10.0torr)(1327.5 K1368.5 K)=56350.28 J/mol5.6×104J/mol

Substitute 25°C in equation (2) to calculate the temperature T3 in Kelvin as follows:

T3(K)=25°C+273=298 K

The expression to calculate P3 is as follows:

ln(P3P1)=ΔHvapR(1T31T1)        (4)

Substitute 8.314 J/Kmol for R, 368.5 K for T1, 298 K for T3 and 56350.28 J/mol for ΔHvap in the equation (4).

ln(P3P1)=(56350.28 J/mol)8.314 J/Kmol(1298 K1368.5 K)=4.351324

Take the exponential of 4.351324 and substitute 10.0torr for P1 as follows:

P310.0torr=e4.351324P310.0torr=0.0128897P3=0.128897torr0.13torr

Conclusion

The vapor pressure of methyl salicylate at 25°C is 0.13torr.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The volume required at 25°C to vaporize 1.00mg of methyl salicylate is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The ideal gas equation can be expressed as follows,

PV=nRT        (5)

Here,

P is the pressure.

V is the volume.

T is the temperature.

n is the mole of the gas.

R is the gas constant.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 12.129P

The volume required at 25°C to vaporize 1.00mg of methyl salicylate is 0.95L.

Explanation of Solution

The expression to calculate the moles of methyl salicylate is as follows,

Moles of methyl salicylate=Given mass of methyl salicylateMolar mass of methyl salicylate        (6)

Substitute 1mg for a given mass of methyl salicylate and 152.16 g/mol for molar mass of methyl salicylate in the equation (6).

Moles of methyl salicylate=1mg152.16 g/mol(103g1mg)=0.006572×103mol

Rearrange the equation (5) to calculate the volume of methyl salicylate.

V=nRTP        (7)

Substitute the value 0.128897torr for P, 298 K for T, 0.006572×103mol for n and 0.0821 Latm/Kmol for R in the equation (7).

V=(0.006572×103mol)(0.0821 Latm/Kmol)(298 K)0.128897torr(760torr1atm)=0.94805L0.95L

Conclusion

The volume required at 25°C to vaporize 1.00mg of methyl salicylate is 0.95L.

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Chapter 12 Solutions

MCGRAW: CHEMISTRY THE MOLECULAR NATURE

Ch. 12.6 - For each of the following crystalline solids,...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 12.6BFPCh. 12.6 - Prob. 12.7AFPCh. 12.6 - Iron crystallizes in a body-centered cubic...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 12.8AFPCh. 12.6 - Prob. 12.8BFPCh. 12.6 - Prob. B12.1PCh. 12.6 - Prob. B12.2PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.1PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.2PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.3PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.4PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.5PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.6PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.7PCh. 12 - Name the phase change in each of these events: (a)...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.9PCh. 12 - Many heat-sensitive and oxygen-sensitive solids,...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.11PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.12PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.13PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.14PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.15PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.16PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.17PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.18PCh. 12 - From the data below, calculate the total heat (in...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.20PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.21PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.22PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.23PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.24PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.25PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.26PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.27PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.28PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.29PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.30PCh. 12 - Use Figure 12.10 to answer the following: Carbon...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.32PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.33PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.34PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.35PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.36PCh. 12 - Distinguish between polarizability and polarity....Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.38PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.39PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.40PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.41PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.42PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.43PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.44PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.45PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.46PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.47PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.48PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.49PCh. 12 - Which liquid in each pair has the lower vapor...Ch. 12 - Which substance has the lower boiling point?...Ch. 12 - Which substance has the higher boiling point?...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.53PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.54PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.55PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.56PCh. 12 - Why does the antifreeze ingredient ethylene glycol...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.58PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.59PCh. 12 - Why does an aqueous solution of ethanol (CH3CH2OH)...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.61PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.62PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.63PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.64PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.65PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.66PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.67PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.68PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.69PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.70PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.71PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.72PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.73PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.74PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.75PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.76PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.77PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.78PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.79PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.80PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.81PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.82PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.83PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.84PCh. 12 - Besides the type of unit cell, what information is...Ch. 12 - What type of unit cell does each metal use in its...Ch. 12 - What is the number of atoms per unit cell for each...Ch. 12 - Calcium crystallizes in a cubic closest packed...Ch. 12 - Chromium adopts the body-centered cubic unit cell...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.90PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.91PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.92PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.93PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.94PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.95PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.96PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.97PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.98PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.99PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.100PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.101PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.102PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.103PCh. 12 - Polonium, the Period 6 member of Group 6A(16), is...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.105PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.106PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.107PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.108PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.109PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.110PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.111PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.112PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.113PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.114PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.115PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.116PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.117PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.118PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.119PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.120PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.121PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.122PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.123PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.124PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.125PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.126PCh. 12 - Bismuth is used to calibrate instruments employed...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.128PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.129PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.130PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.131PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.132PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.133PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.134PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.135PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.136PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.137PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.138PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.139PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.140PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.141PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.142PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.143PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.144PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.145PCh. 12 - The crystal structure of sodium is based on the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.147PCh. 12 - One way of purifying gaseous H2 is to pass it...
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